. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Early Child Res Q. 2020 Jan 17;51:366–378. doi: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2019.12.005

Table 1.

Participant Demographics


	Total		TD		LT
	(N = 408)		(n = 249)		(n = 159)		t	df	Cohen’s d^a

Parents’ education in years completed

Mother (M, SD)	15.68	2.38	15.66	2.24	15.73	2.48	0.13	389	0.03

Father (M, SD)	15.66	2.69	15.99	2.68	15.51	2.69	2.39^*	389	0.18

Parents’ age at child’s birth in years

Mother (M, SD)	31.49	5.60	31.99	5.49	30.91	5.58	2.40^*	401	0.18

Father (M, SD)	33.73	6.37	34.09	6.23	33.31	6.40	1.54	390	0.12


							x²	df	Cramer’s V

Males (%)	63		60		68		2.72	1	.08

Race (%)							1.18	4	.10

White	78		79		75

Black	12		12		12

Asian	4		3		5

Other	6		6		8

Ethnicity (%)							2.93	1	.09

Hispanic	4		3		6

Note. TD=Typically developing. LT=Late talker.

Effect size Cohen’s d ≥ .20 is small, .50 is medium, and .80 is large. Effect size Cramer’s V ≥ .10 is small, .30 is medium, and, .50 is large (Cohen, 1988).

p<.05;

^**

p<.01;

^***

p<.001