Fig. 2. Extracting the aberration transmittance from the distortion matrix D.
(A) The recording of the R-matrix consists in scanning the objects with a moving input focusing beam. (B) The removal of the geometric component in each reflected wavefront (Eq. 4) amounts to recenter each incident focal spot at the origin. The D-matrix is equivalent to the reflection matrix for a moving object. (C) The SVD of D leads to a coherent sum of the distorted wavefronts in the pupil plane. A coherent reflector is virtually synthesized in the focal plane, and the corresponding wavefront emerges along the output singular vector U1. The corresponding image of the object is provided by the first input singular vector V1, but its resolution is dictated by the width δin of the input focusing beam. (D) A normalization of U1 in the pupil plane makes the virtual scatterer point like. The corresponding input singular vector yields a diffraction-limited image of the object in the focal plane.