Fig. 1. Ketamine inhibits BSM contraction.

a Representative traces of mouse BSM contraction in response to EFS (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 Hz), showing dose-dependent inhibition by ketamine (0.1–500 µg ml⁻¹). b Summarized data from experiments as in a (n = 12 BSM strips). Data are presented as mean values ± SD. c–e Representative traces of mouse BSM treated first with ketamine plus either carbachol (c n = 14 BSM strips), α,β-meATP (d n = 10 BSM strips), or 50 mM KCl (e n = 11 BSM strips), followed by drug washout and subsequent re-exposure to the indicated drugs in the absence of ketamine. f–h Summarized data from c–e. Data are shown as box and whiskers, center line is the median of the data set, box represents 75% of the data, and bars indicates whiskers from minimum to maximum. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s posthoc tests. P < 0.05 is considered to be significant and P values are given above the bars. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.