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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Sep 1;76(9):1051–1064. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.009

FIGURE 2. Left Heart Filling Pressures, Pulmonary Vascular Load, and Cardiac Output Reserve Across AF Grades in HFpEF.

FIGURE 2

Baseline (resting) PCWP was highest in the permanent AF HFpEF group, and the corresponding PCWP v-wave height (A) increased progressively across groups and (B) was associated with worse pulmonary arterial (PA) elastance. (C to E) There was progressive worsening of pulmonary vascular load measured at rest with increasing AF stages along with (F) decreased cardiac output (CO) reserve during exercise. PVR = pulmonary vascular resistance; Vo2 = oxygen consumption; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.