Table 2.
Oxidative stress parameters together with lysosomal and antiprotease activities in the peripheral blood of juvenile athletes subjected to single DEMS and low-frequency ultrasound (US) sessions.
| DEMShealthy controls (N = 14) | DEMSinjured athletes (N = 16) | UShealthy controls (N = 18) | USinjured athletes (N = 14) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | I | II | III | I | II | III | I | II | III | |
| TBARSpl | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.6 |
| TBARSer | 23.5 ± 6.1 | 23.7 ± 7.9 | 23.9 ± 8.0 | 21.5 ± 5.8 | 21.8 ± 6.1 | 21.3 ± 3.3 | 24.1 ± 8.0 | 21.8 ± 5.0 | 26.8 ± 12.3 | 24.3 ± 4.0 | 27.8 ± 9.8 | 24.6 ± 11.0 |
| SOD | 77.3 ± 9.8 | 81.4 ± 12.6 | 77.1 ± 9.7 | 74.0 ± 12.7 | 78.0 ± 10.2 | 76.5 ± 13.1 | 69.6 ± 6.3 | 71.0 ± 4.0 | 67.3 ± 3.2 | 73.1 ± 6.5 | 76.8 ± 9.6 | 71.1 ± 8.2 |
| GPx | 7.0 ± 5.4 | 7.1 ± 5.2 | 8.8 ± 3.6 | 8.6 ± 7.1 | 7.2 ± 3.7 | 7.0 ± 4.6 | 9.3 ± 7.9 | 5.6 ± 5.0 | 8.0 ± 5.3 | 8.2 ± 6.3 | 7.5 ± 5.6 | 8.5 ± 5.9 |
| CAT | 60.8 ± 7.3 | 60.5 ± 6.8 | 62.3 ± 10.6 | 59.5 ± 8.9 | 60.6 ± 9.7 | 61.9 ± 11.6 | 59.9 ± 6.8 | 59.7 ± 4.7 | 64.1 ± 8.6 | 61.2 ± 10.9 | 58.5 ± 9.0 | 61.5 ± 10.1 |
| AcP | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 1.2 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 1.1 |
| ASA | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| CTS D | 10.5 ± 2.0 | 9.1 ± 5.5 | 7.7 ± 4.2 | 11.2 ± 0.3 | 8.6 ± 5.4 | 5.1 ± 3.0 | 12.2 ± 3.8 | 6.4 ± 4.1∗ | 5.4 ± 4.4∗∗ | 11.7 ± 3.1 | 8.3 ± 5.2 | 5.6 ± 3.7 |
| AAT | 8.3 ± 1.4 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 8.3 ± 1.4 | 8.9 ± 1.8 | 8.2 ± 1.4 | 8.7 ± 1.0 | 7.8 ± 1.4 | 7.7 ± 1.2 | 7.6 ± 1.0 | 7.8 ± 1.6 | 7.3 ± 1.4 | 8.1 ± 1.2 |
Values are means ± SD. Statistically significant differences were revealed in relation to measurement I in the US-treated healthy controls (∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01). Measurement I: before the treatment; measurement II: 30 min after the treatment; measurement III: 24 hours after the treatment; TBARSpl/er: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in plasma (10–1 nmol MDA/mL plasma)/erythrocytes (nmol MDA/g Hb); MDA: malondialdehyde; Hb: haemoglobin; SOD: superoxide dismutase (10 U/g Hb); GPx: glutathione peroxidase (U/g Hb); CAT: catalase (IU/g Hb); AcP: acid phosphatase (10–3 nmol 4-NP/mg protein/min); 4-NP: 4-nitrophenol; ASA: arylsulfatase (10–3 nmol 4-NC/mg protein/min); 4-NC: 4-nitrocatechol; CTS D: cathepsin D (10–2 nmol TYR/mg protein/min); TYR: tyrosine; AAT: α1-antitrypsin (10–1 mg TR/mL serum); TR: trypsin.