Table 3.
Socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of infected pregnant women.
| Infected (n = 46) | No-infected (n = 741) | OR∗∗ | 95% IC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic characteristics∗ | ||||
| Age (years) | 25.5 (19.7-28.2) | 23 (20.0-28.0) | 1.03 | 0.98-1.08 |
| <20 years old: n (%) | 13 (28.3) | 217 (29.3) | 0.95 | 0.49-1.84 |
| Head of household: n (%) | 38 (82.6) | 615 (84.8) | 1.07 | 0.41-2.81 |
| # people/house | 4.5 (4.0-5.0) | 4 (3.0-6.0) | 0.916 | 0.73-1.15 |
| Socioeconomic stratum ≤1: n (%) | 46 (100) | 675 (98.8) | ND | ND |
| Occupational exposure to mosquito bite: n (%) | 2 (4.4) | 17 (2.4) | 1.87 | 0.42-8.36 |
| Residence area: n (%) | ||||
| Rural | 9 (20.0) | 351 (48.7) | 1 | |
| Urban and peri-urban | 36 (80.0) | 370 (51.3) | 3.79 | 1.80-7.99 |
| Water service: n (%) | 23 (50.0) | 268 (36.3) | 0.57 | 0.31-1.03 |
| Water bodies around the home: n (%) | 25 (54.3) | 398 (54.5) | 0.99 | 0.55-1.81 |
| Obstetric characteristics | ||||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 20 (16.00-32.75) | 32 (18.0-38.0) | 0.96 | 0.94-0.99 |
| Trimester: n (%) | ||||
| First | 9 (19.6) | 101 (13.7) | 2.43 | 1.04-5.65 |
| Second | 21 (45.7) | 201 (27.2) | 2.85 | 1.45-5.57 |
| Third | 16 (34.8) | 436 (59.1) | 1 | |
| # previous pregnancies | 1 (0.0-2.0) | 1 (0.0-2.0) | 1.01 | 0.84-1.23 |
| Primigravidae: n (%) | 18 (39.1) | 284 (38.3) | 1.03 | 0.56-1.90 |
| # ANC visits | 3 (2.0-5.0) | 4 (2.0-6.0) | 0.85 | 0.73-0.99 |
| Malaria related characteristics (self-report) | ||||
| Living years in the area | 20 (6.0-27.2) | 19 (5.0-23.0) | 1.02 | 0.99-1.05 |
| Malaria during last year: n (%) | 7 (15.2) | 32 (4.3) | 3.97 | 1.65-9.56 |
| Malaria in the current pregnancy: n (%) | 12 (26.1) | 20 (2.7) | 12.71 | 5.74-28.11 |
| Malaria in a cohabitant (last 6 months): n (%) | 15 (34.9) | 95 (13.5) | 3.40 | 1.75-6.60 |
| Use of bed net: n (%) | ||||
| Always | 16 (34.8) | 362 (49.3) | ||
| Most of the time | 8 (17.4) | 75 (10.2) | 2.41 | 1.00-5.84 |
| Some times | 16 (34.8) | 140 (19) | 2.57 | 1.26-5.31 |
| Never | 6 (13) | 158 (21.5) | 0.86 | 0.33-2.24 |
IQR: interquartile range; CI95: confidence Interval of 95%; n (sample size). ∗Binary logistic regression. Maternal infections were considered if nPCR was positive by Plasmodium spp in peripheral blood or placental blood (at delivery).