Table 2.
Bivariate comparison of diagnoses of veterans in community care treatment and mental health clinics onlya
| Mental Health Clinic (1) | Vocational (2) | Homelessness (3) | Criminal Justice (4) | SMI Services (5) | 2 vs 1 | 3 vs 1 | 4 vs 1 | 5 vs 1 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N= | 1,134,377 | 20,921 | 160,273 | 42,985 | 27,931 | Effect Size | ||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Cohen d | ||||
| Multimorbidity | ||||||||||||||
| Number of psychiatric diagnoses | 1.79 | 1.11 | 1.87 | 1.42 | 1.60 | 1.49 | 1.43 | 1.53 | 2.62 | 1.483 | 0.067 | −0.151 | −0.294 | 0.688 |
| Number of SUD diagnoses | 0.27 | 0.62 | 0.70 | 1.04 | 0.87 | 1.16 | 0.75 | 1.13 | 0.80 | 1.130 | 0.571 | 0.797 | 0.643 | 0.708 |
| Number of psychiatric and SUD diagnoses | 2.05 | 1.33 | 2.56 | 1.91 | 2.47 | 2.18 | 2.18 | 2.27 | 3.42 | 2.068 | 0.332 | 0.272 | 0.084 | 0.885 |
| Charlson medical severity diagnosis index | 2.81 | 2.44 | 1.96 | 1.99 | 2.32 | 2.16 | 2.45 | 2.53 | 2.80 | 2.185 | −0.347 | −0.199 | −0.144 | − 0.001 |
| Medical diagnosis | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | Risk Ratio | |||
| Insomnia | 8.2 | 92,536 | 8.3 | 1736 | 6.6 | 10,592 | 6.3 | 2709 | 6.6 | 1830 | 1.017 | 0.810 | 0.773 | 0.803 |
| Congestive heart failure | 48.7 | 552,483 | 47.4 | 9911 | 48.6 | 77,896 | 46.0 | 19,793 | 61.5 | 17,184 | 0.973 | 0.998 | 0.945 | 1.263 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary | 14.8 | 167,951 | 12.5 | 2623 | 14.7 | 23,540 | 14.3 | 6165 | 19.4 | 5412 | 0.847 | 0.992 | 0.969 | 1.309 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 23.3 | 264,173 | 16.7 | 3487 | 17.0 | 27,240 | 16.9 | 7283 | 27.0 | 7535 | 0.716 | 0.730 | 0.728 | 1.158 |
| Cancer | 7.2 | 81,768 | 3.9 | 822 | 5.1 | 8208 | 6.2 | 2677 | 5.8 | 1619 | 0.545 | 0.710 | 0.864 | 0.804 |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | 0.5 | 6226 | 1.4 | 287 | 1.5 | 2420 | 0.9 | 369 | 1.0 | 275 | 2.499 | 2.751 | 1.564 | 1.794 |
| Headache | 9.5 | 107,605 | 12.0 | 2514 | 8.8 | 14,084 | 8.4 | 3610 | 10.5 | 2926 | 1.267 | 0.926 | 0.885 | 1.104 |
| Any pain | 56.2 | 637,256 | 63.0 | 13,186 | 58.4 | 93,525 | 52.7 | 22,673 | 61.1 | 17,054 | 1.122 | 1.039 | 0.939 | 1.087 |
| Psychiatric Diagnosis | ||||||||||||||
| Any psychiatric disorder | 92.2 | 1,045,820 | 85.9 | 17,972 | 78.2 | 125,382 | 68.4 | 29,403 | 99.4 | 27,757 | 0.932 | 0.849 | 0.742 | 1.078 |
| Schizophrenia | 4.8 | 54,401 | 6.5 | 1367 | 6.3 | 10,148 | 3.9 | 1662 | 47.8 | 13,360 | 1.362 | 1.320 | 0.806 | 9.974 |
| Other psychotic disorder | 2.5 | 28,651 | 3.8 | 801 | 4.4 | 7094 | 3.6 | 1529 | 13.9 | 3878 | 1.516 | 1.752 | 1.408 | 5.497 |
| Bipolar disorder | 6.9 | 78,011 | 11.2 | 2333 | 9.0 | 14,406 | 7.5 | 3236 | 22.9 | 6395 | 1.622 | 1.307 | 1.095 | 3.329 |
| Major depressive disorder | 21.1 | 239,616 | 22.9 | 4799 | 17.1 | 27,390 | 13.9 | 5987 | 26.9 | 7512 | 1.086 | 0.809 | 0.659 | 1.273 |
| Other depressive disorders (e.g., dysthymia) | 43.7 | 495,951 | 44.9 | 9399 | 39.5 | 63,253 | 33.2 | 14,263 | 41.5 | 11,589 | 1.028 | 0.903 | 0.759 | 0.949 |
| PTSD | 41.8 | 473,699 | 30.2 | 6323 | 24.7 | 39,653 | 25.4 | 10,937 | 34.8 | 9717 | 0.724 | 0.592 | 0.609 | 0.833 |
| Anxiety disorder | 26.1 | 296,466 | 26.0 | 5447 | 19.8 | 31,672 | 18.8 | 8070 | 25.9 | 7238 | 0.996 | 0.756 | 0.718 | 0.992 |
| Adjustment disorder | 10.2 | 115,639 | 13.4 | 2805 | 13.5 | 21,685 | 12.2 | 5245 | 10.0 | 2787 | 1.315 | 1.327 | 1.197 | 0.979 |
| Personality disorder | 2.7 | 30,676 | 6.1 | 1283 | 5.9 | 9442 | 5.5 | 2375 | 11.5 | 3226 | 2.268 | 2.179 | 2.043 | 4.271 |
| Other psychiatric diagnosis | 18.8 | 213,714 | 21.5 | 4506 | 20.2 | 32,454 | 19.2 | 8269 | 26.4 | 7367 | 1.143 | 1.075 | 1.021 | 1.400 |
| Dual diagnosis | 19.0 | 215,937 | 39.2 | 8191 | 44.8 | 71,813 | 38.4 | 16,527 | 43.9 | 12,251 | 2.057 | 2.354 | 2.020 | 2.304 |
| Substance Use Disorder | ||||||||||||||
| Any substance use disorder | 9.9 | 112,789 | 28.3 | 5917 | 35.5 | 56,838 | 29.5 | 12,662 | 33.5 | 9347 | 2.845 | 3.567 | 2.963 | 3.366 |
| Alcohol | 13.8 | 156,291 | 29.5 | 6173 | 33.9 | 54,290 | 30.1 | 12,938 | 31.3 | 8732 | 2.142 | 2.459 | 2.185 | 2.269 |
| Cannabis | 3.8 | 42,884 | 9.8 | 2057 | 11.9 | 19,030 | 10.1 | 4348 | 12.1 | 3378 | 2.601 | 3.141 | 2.676 | 3.199 |
| Cocaine | 2.5 | 28,593 | 12.3 | 2565 | 17.7 | 28,334 | 13.1 | 5610 | 15.0 | 4201 | 4.864 | 7.014 | 5.178 | 5.967 |
| Opioid | 3.9 | 44,190 | 13.0 | 2716 | 17.2 | 27,577 | 15.8 | 6797 | 15.9 | 4436 | 3.333 | 4.417 | 4.059 | 4.077 |
| Sedative/hypnotic | 0.5 | 5127 | 1.2 | 241 | 1.4 | 2278 | 1.5 | 625 | 1.5 | 431 | 2.549 | 3.145 | 3.217 | 3.414 |
| Amphetamine | 0.5 | 5969 | 1.7 | 352 | 2.6 | 4246 | 2.9 | 1244 | 2.2 | 627 | 3.198 | 5.035 | 5.500 | 4.266 |
aNon-substantial differences involving less than 5% of the sample are not shown. Data available on request