Table 1.

Summary of the main selection studies we analyzed

Study	Species	Selection	Replicates	Population size*	Generations	Time points
Kelly and Hughes (38)	D. simulans	Laboratory adaptation	3	$\sim$1,100	14	2
Barghi et al. (33)	D. simulans	Laboratory adaptation	10	$\sim$1,000	60	7
Castro et al. (39)	Mus musculus	Tibiae length	2	32	17	2
	Mus musculus	Control	1	28	17	2

^*Approximate census population size during experiment.