Table 1.
Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and the mean SMILE-C score among 1254 participants. Spain, April-15–22, 2020.
| n (%) | SMILE-C | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (s.d.) | Mean (s.d.)/r | ||
| Sex | 0.911 | ||
| Male | 343 (27.4%) | 80.64 ± 8.11 | |
| Female | 911 (72.6%) | 80.70 ± 8.32 | |
| Age | 43.11 ± 14.82 | r = 0.085* | 0.003 |
| Region | 0.005 | ||
| Valencian Community | 742 (59.2%) | 81.24 ± 7.77 | |
| Other | 512 (40.8%) | 79.87 ± 8.87 | |
| Working status | 0.010 | ||
| Not working | 542 (43.2%) | 80.46 ± 8.58 | |
| Working (not as an essential worker) | 354 (28.2%) | 81.82 ± 7.55 | |
| Working (as a essential worker) | 302 (24.1%) | 80.10 ± 7.83 | |
| Lost the job during the pandemic | 56 (4.5%) | 78.84 ± 10.80 | |
| Education level | <0.001 | ||
| Primary/Secondary education | 85 (6.8%) | 78.02 ± 8.95 | |
| Bachelor/Professional degree | 326 (26.0%) | 79.44 ± 8.66 | |
| University degree | 549 (43.8%) | 81.22 ± 8.03 | |
| Master/doctorate degree | 294 (23.4%) | 81.83 ± 7.73 | |
| Self-isolation | 0.142 | ||
| No | 597 (47.6%) | 81.04 ± 7.81 | |
| Yes | 657 (52.4%) | 80.36 ± 8.64 | |
| Median # people living in the house (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | r = 0.098** | 0.001 |
| Diagnosed with COVID-19 | 0.157 | ||
| No | 1229 (98.2%) | 80.75 ± 8.21 | |
| Yes | 22 (1.8%) | 77.41 ± 10.63 | |
| Lost somebody in the epidemic | 0.075 | ||
| No | 1131 (90.5%) | 80.57 ± 8.21 | |
| Yes | 119 (9.5%) | 81.98 ± 8.60 | |
| Self-rated health | <0.001 | ||
| Very good or good | 894 (71.6%) | 82.45 ± 7.34 | |
| Regular, bad or very bad | 354 (28.4%) | 76.18 ± 8.79 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for diabetes | 0.157 | ||
| No | 1181 (94.9%) | 80.81 ± 8.22 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 64 (5.1%) | 79.31 ± 8.42 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for heart disease or hypertension | 0.102 | ||
| No | 1073 (86.0%) | 80.53 ± 8.35 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 174 (14.0%) | 81.64 ± 7.59 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for Anaemia | 0.030 | ||
| No | 1157 (92.6%) | 80.87 ± 8.08 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 93 (7.4%) | 78.54 ± 9.94 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for Asthma/bronchitis | 0.017 | ||
| No | 1153 (92.0%) | 80.86 ± 8.16 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 100 (8.0%) | 78.80 ± 9.16 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for Schizophrenia/bipolar disorder/Anorexia/Bulimia | <0.001 | ||
| No | 1225 (98.4%) | 80.85 ± 8.20 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 20 (1.6%) | 74.30 ± 8.34 | |
| Diagnosed or treated for others (HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Cancer, Cirrhosis, Kidney disease, Other) | 0.015 | ||
| No | 972 (78.3%) | 81.02 ± 8.19 | |
| Diagnosis or treatment | 269 (21.7%) | 79.64 ± 8.45 | |
| Screening for depression and anxiety | <0.001 | ||
| Negative for both depression and anxiety | 875 (71.8%) | 82.90 ± 7.16 | |
| Positive for depression only | 108 (8.9%) | 77.33 ± 7.73 | |
| Positive for anxiety only | 102 (8.4%) | 77.66 ± 6.90 | |
| Positive for both depression and anxiety | 134 (11.0%) | 72.02 ± 8.99 | |
| Screening for alcohol abuse | 0.179 | ||
| Negative | 835 (67.5%) | 80.95 ± 8.29 | |
| Positive | 402 (32.5%) | 80.28 ± 8.14 | |
SMILE-C: Short Multidimensional Inventory Lifestyle Evaluation – Confinement; s.d.: Standard Deviation; r = correlation coefficient of the *Pearson or **Spearman; IQR: Interquartile Range; HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.