Table 2.
General characteristics of patients by tertiles of TMAO levels
| Tertiles of circulating TMAO | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | p | |
| (< 9.7 μg/l) n = 108 | (9.7–15.58 μg/l) n = 109 | (> 15.58 μg/l) n = 107 | ||
| Male (n, %) | 58 (53.7%) | 70 (64.22) | 72 (66.67) | 0.1 |
| Age (years) | 58 ± 1 | 61 ± 1 | 62 ± 1 | < 0.01 |
| Height (cm) | 162 ± 1 | 163 ± 1 | 164 ± 1 | 0.38 |
| Weight (kg) | 64 ± 1 | 67 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 0.36 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24 ± 0 | 25 ± 0 | 24 ± 0 | 0.77 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 131 ± 3 | 129 ± 2 | 133 ± 2 | 0.06 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77 ± 1 | 76 ± 1 | 77 ± 1 | 0.57 |
| HR (bpm) | 72 ± 1 | 72 ± 1 | 72 ± 1 | 0.91 |
| Glu (mmol/l) | 5.2 (4.72–5.93) | 5.34 (4.85–5.93) | 5.42 (4.88–5.92) | 0.38 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7 (5.5–6.1) | 6.1 (5.7–6.1) | 6.1 (5.9–6.5) | 0.03 |
| Cr (μmol/l) | 83.1 (71.1–94) | 90.5 (82.05–101.4) | 97 (82.1–118.5) | < 0.01 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 61.77 (53.16–73.68) | 56.22 (49.27–65.64) | 51.55 (39.72–62.32) | < 0.01 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.56 (1.06–2.18) | 1.48 (0.98–2.09) | 1.65 (1.36–2.73) | 0.14 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.15 (3.64–5.48) | 4.2 (3.57–5.18) | 4.28 (3.65–5.23) | 0.5 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.19 (0.97–1.48) | 1.1 (0.87–1.34) | 1.01 (0.87–1.19) | 0.05 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.66 (2.04–3.42) | 2.61 (2.25–3.24) | 2.76 (2.22–3.45) | 0.25 |
| ALT (U/l) | 21.7 (15.9–34) | 22.5 (15.2–34.2) | 24.2 (17.5–36.9) | 0.6 |
| AST (U/l) | 22.2 (18.8–29.08) | 22.7 (19.4–29.7) | 23.5 (19–30.8) | 0.51 |
| WBC (109/l) | 6.4 (5.33–7.78) | 6.6 (5.2–8) | 6.5 (5.3–7.7) | 0.3 |
| CK-MB (U/l) | 16.6 (12.1–21.9) | 17.2 (12.1–25.45) | 16.4 (13.1–22.6) | 0.2 |
| EF% | 59 (57–65) | 57 (54–64) | 57 (55–64) | 0.6 |
| HFpEF (n, %) | 64 (59.26%) | 80 (73.39%) | 84 (78.5%) | < 0.01 |
Continuous data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are presented as counts and percentage (%)