Table 1.
Characteristics of studies analyzing circulating FABP4, nesfatin-1, and OC concentrations in women with GDM
| Cases | Controls | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First authors | Year | Country | Study type | N | Age (years) mean ± SD | Gestational BMI(kg/m2) | Mean ± SD (ng/mL)/(ng/mL) | N | Age (years) mean ± SD | Gestational BMI(kg/m2) | Mean ± SD (ng/mL)/(ng/mL) |
P | Criteria for GDM | Measurement | NOS |
| FABP4 | |||||||||||||||
| Zhang et al. [18] | 2016 | China | CC | 40 | 26.91 ± 2.24 | 27.55 ± 3.40 | 32.35 ± 3.06 | 240 | 27.83 ± 2.65 | 24.31 ± 2.92 | 22.01 ± 2.00 | < 0.01 | IADPSG | ELISA system) | 7 |
| Zhang et al. [18] | 2016 | China | CC | 40 | 38.73 ± 1.43 | 28.91 ± 3.36 | 51.79 ± 4.64 | 240 | 38.56 ± 1.28 | 26.29 ± 3.75 | 39.35 ± 3.59 | < 0.05 | IADPSG | ELISA | 7 |
| Malysza et al. [8] | 2019 | Poland | CC | 26 | 35.93 ± 3.77 | 27.28 ± 2.21 | 18.64 ± 4.59 | 28 | 30.43 ± 5.85 | 21.48 ± 2.05 | 11.07 ± 3.90 | 0.00022 | IADPSG | ELISA | 8 |
| Herrera et al. [28] | 2011 | Spain | CC | 98 | 30.90 ± 0.50 | 27.30 ± 0.50 | 19.90 ± 1.00 | 86 | 28.70 ± 0.50 | 25.40 ± 0.60 | 17.70 ± 0.80 | 0.0493 | C&C | ELISA | 8 |
| Li et al. [19] | 2015 | China | CC | 30 | 31.83 ± 3.91 | 21.80 ± 1.02 | 1.47 ± 0.25 | 30 | 26.53 ± 1.91 | 19.18 ± 0.68 | 0.20 ± 0.07 | < 0.0001 | IADPSG | ELISA | 6 |
| Guelfi et al. [17] | 2017 | Australia | Cohort | 52 | 33.50 ± 4.00 | 26.10 ± 5.50 | 2.77 ± 1.04 | 71 | 33.50 ± 4.00 | 26.10 ± 5.50 | 2.21 ± 0.55 | > 0.05 | ADIPS | ELISA | 6 |
| Kralisch et al. [26] | 2009 | Germany | CC | 40 | 33.00 ± 10.00 | 24.90 ± 4.90 | 22.90 ± 12.20 | 80 | 28.00 ± 5.00 | 22.30 ± 7.00 | 18.30 ± 12.90 | < 0.05 | ADIPS | ELISA | 7 |
| Zhang et al. [11] | 2017 | China | CC | 50 | 31.78 ± 4.81 | 22.11 ± 3.69 | 20.00 ± 10.38 | 50 | 30.16 ± 4.46 | 21.10 ± 2.99 | 10.50 ± 5.69 | < 0.001 | IADPSG | ELISA | 8 |
| Zhang et al. [29] | 2011 | China | CC | 30 | 28.50 ± 1.90 | 29.30 ± 1.10 | 32.71 ± 1.93 | 30 | 27.50 ± 1.60 | 27.60 ± 1.30 | 21.42 ± 1.87 | < 0.05 | NDDG | ELISA | 7 |
| Dong et al. [27] | 2011 | China | CC | 20 | 29.00 ± 2.00 | 21.88 ± 1.94 | 1.05 ± 0.33 | 20 | 27.50 ± 3.00 | 21.02 ± 2.20 | 0.83 ± 0.33 | 0.002 | ACOG | ELISA | 6 |
| Dong et al. [27] | 2011 | China | CC | 20 | 26.50 ± 9.00 | 26.38 ± 1.65 | 1.26 ± 0.08 | 20 | 27.50 ± 3.00 | 21.02 ± 2.20 | 0.83 ± 0.33 | < 0.05 | ACOG | ELISA | 6 |
| Zang et al. [36] | 2019 | China | CC | 52 | 28.87 ± 2.03 | 29.03 ± 1.08 | 32.80 ± 1.89 | 52 | 28.42 ± 2.07 | 27.78 ± 1.29 | 22.38 ± 1.86 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Ma et al. [46] | 2016 | China | CC | 60 | 28.40 ± 4.30 | 24.50 ± 1.50 | 27.49 ± 3.72 | 30 | 28.90 ± 3.60 | 23.40 ± 1.20 | 18.98 ± 5.51 | 0.007 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Chen et al. [35] | 2019 | China | CC | 42 | 30.45 ± 4.21 | 26.73 ± 1.86 | 28.63 ± 4.06 | 36 | 31.24 ± 4.37 | 21.73 ± 2.46 | 17.47 ± 4.21 | < 0.001 | IADPSG | ELISA | 7 |
| Li et al. [34] | 2019 | China | CC | 100 | 27.30 ± 3.00 | 26.20 ± 2.00 | 32.67 ± 3.94 | 100 | 27.40 ± 2.80 | 26.00 ± 1.80 | 22.85 ± 2.88 | < 0.001 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Ye et al. [33] | 2017 | China | CC | 35 | 27.00 ± 1.80 | 26.60 ± 2.10 | 31.70 ± 1.70 | 35 | 26.80 ± 1.10 | 20.90 ± 3.10 | 20.40 ± 1.70 | < 0.01 | ACOG | ELISA | 7 |
| Dang et al. [47] | 2017 | China | CC | 60 | 29.50 ± 3.70 | 23.40 ± 1.50 | 27.39 ± 3.58 | 60 | 29.80 ± 3.60 | 23.70 ± 1.80 | 18.41 ± 3.62 | < 0.001 | ADA | ELISA | 6 |
| Zhang et al. [30] | 2012 | China | CC | 50 | 29.20 ± 3.40 | 24.70 ± 3.50 | 29.80 ± 2.40 | 46 | 29.80 ± 2.90 | 22.10 ± 3.60 | 18.90 ± 1.90 | < 0.05 | NDDG | ELISA | 7 |
| Shen et al. [32] | 2017 | China | CC | 50 | 28.60 ± 3.50 | 24.50 ± 1.50 | 35.11 ± 11.32 | 40 | 28.10 ± 4.40 | 23.70 ± 1.60 | 21.14 ± 8.75 | 0.008 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Nesfatin-1 | |||||||||||||||
| Mehmet et al. [38] | 2012 | Turkey | CC | 30 | 30.90 ± 4.20 | 25.90 ± 3.30 | 5.50 ± 8.10 | 30 | 31.00 ± 3.20 | 25.70 ± 2.80 | 8.10 ± 23.90 | 0.001 | ACOG | ELISA | 8 |
| Kucukler et al. [20] | 2016 | Turkey | CC | 38 | 32.10 ± 6.20 | 33.80 ± 6.50 | 7.54 ± 1.40 | 41 | 26.80 ± 5.70 | 26.50 ± 5.00 | 8.32 ± 1.09 | 0.013 | ADA | ELISA | 6 |
| Mierzynski et [10] | 2019 | Poland | CC | 153 | 27.59 ± 4.87 | 26.63 ± 2.11 | 5.15 ± 3.51 | 84 | 27.23 ± 4.67 | 26.13 ± 1.71 | 6.69 ± 4.21 | < 0.01 | WHO | ELISA | 7 |
| Zhang et al. [11] | 2017 | China | CC | 50 | 31.78 ± 4.81 | 22.11 ± 3.69 | 1.74 ± 0.52 | 50 | 30.16 ± 4.46 | 21.10 ± 2.99 | 1.37 ± 0.50 | 0.004 | IADPSG | ELISA | 8 |
| Ademoglu et al. [12] | 2017 | Turkey | CC | 40 | 29.60 ± 5.30 | 31.00 ± 5.50 | 7.90 ± 2.80 | 30 | 27.80 ± 6.00 | 28.20 ± 1.50 | 11.20 ± 7.70 | 0.020 | C&C | ELISA | 7 |
| Aydin et al. [37] | 2010 | Turkey | CC | 10 | 29.10 ± 2.20 | 33.20 ± 4.80 | 6.60 ± 2.00 | 10 | 28.20 ± 1.80 | 31.98 ± 4.40 | 7.80 ± 3.00 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 6 |
| Ma et al. [46] | 2016 | China | CC | 60 | 28.40 ± 4.30 | 24.50 ± 1.50 | 2.49 ± 0.72 | 30 | 28.90 ± 3.60 | 23.40 ± 1.20 | 1.98 ± 0.51 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Zhu et al. [40] | 2017 | China | CC | 15 | 29.75 ± 5.16 | 24.05 ± 3.61 | 8.10 ± 1.50 | 40 | 27.92 ± 4.57 | 23.68 ± 3.49 | 12.80 ± 3.20 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Zhu et al. [40] | 2017 | China | CC | 25 | 27.96 ± 4.37 | 23.32 ± 3.51 | 9.80 ± 2.60 | 40 | 27.92 ± 4.57 | 23.68 ± 3.49 | 12.80 ± 3.20 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Xu et al. [39] | 2017 | China | CC | 55 | 31.50 ± 7.20 | NA | 2.13 ± 0.95 | 210 | 31.50 ± 7.20 | NA | 1.35 ± 0.75 | 0.015 | ADA | ELISA | 6 |
| Dang et al. [47] | 2017 | China | CC | 60 | 29.50 ± 3.70 | 23.40 ± 1.50 | 2.49 ± 0.61 | 60 | 29.80 ± 3.60 | 23.70 ± 1.80 | 1.97 ± 0.56 | < 0.001 | ADA | ELISA | 6 |
| OC | |||||||||||||||
| Srichomkwun [21] | 2015 | Thailand | CC | 74 | 34.00 ± 5.00 | 23.10 ± 2.28 | 6.22 ± 2.70 | 56 | 32.00 ± 5.00 | 22.78 ± 2.16 | 4.86 ± 2.85 | 0.267 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Srichomkwun [21] | 2015 | Thailand | CC | 74 | 34.00 ± 5.00 | 23.10 ± 2.28 | 12.86 ± 4.10 | 56 | 32.00 ± 5.00 | 22.78 ± 2.16 | 11.18 ± 3.20 | 0.527 | ADA | ECLIA | 7 |
| Winhofer et al. [14] | 2010 | Austria | CC | 26 | 33.00 ± 6.00 | 27.80 ± 4.80 | 15.60 ± 6.40 | 52 | 32.00 ± 6.00 | 28.00 ± 5.10 | 12.60 ± 4.00 | 0.0146 | ADA | ECLIA | 7 |
| Zarate et al. [41] | 2015 | Mexico | CC | 60 | 30.40 ± 4.40 | 33.30 ± 4.60 | 15.10 ± 4.65 | 60 | 27.90 ± 5.10 | 27.80 ± 4.80 | 17.48 ± 4.15 | 0.610 | ADA | IRMA | 8 |
| Zarate et al. [41] | 2015 | Mexico | CC | 60 | 30.40 ± 4.40 | 33.30 ± 4.60 | 2.90 ± 1.44 | 60 | 27.90 ± 5.10 | 27.80 ± 4.80 | 2.03 ± 1.37 | 0.758 | ADA | ELISA | 8 |
| Li et al. [42] | 2015 | China | CC | 30 | 28.50 ± 3.20 | 20.20 ± 1.50 | 14.95 ± 4.16 | 30 | 27.90 ± 3.00 | 20.30 ± 1.50 | 12.65 ± 3.09 | 0.017 | ADA | ECLIA | 6 |
| Zuo et al. [44] | 2018 | China | CC | 31 | 25.55 ± 1.73 | 25.03 ± 1.24 | 11.12 ± 1.56 | 30 | 25.50 ± 1.74 | 25.38 ± 1.33 | 10.44 ± 0.73 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Zuo et al. [44] | 2018 | China | CC | 31 | 25.55 ± 1.73 | 25.03 ± 1.24 | 5.36 ± 0.83 | 30 | 25.50 ± 1.74 | 25.38 ± 1.33 | 5.27 ± 0.39 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Zuo et al. [44] | 2018 | China | CC | 32 | 25.34 ± 1.75 | 25.03 ± 0.81 | 14.34 ± 1.03 | 30 | 25.50 ± 1.74 | 25.38 ± 1.33 | 10.44 ± 0.73 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Zuo et al. [44] | 2018 | China | CC | 32 | 25.34 ± 1.75 | 25.03 ± 0.81 | 5.56 ± 0.46 | 30 | 25.50 ± 1.74 | 25.38 ± 1.33 | 5.27 ± 0.39 | < 0.05 | ADA | ELISA | 7 |
| Feng et al. [45] | 2019 | China | NCC | 89 | 28.31 ± 3.42 | 22.42 ± 3.72 | 8.94 ± 2.59 | 89 | 27.16 ± 3.06 | 20.70 ± 2.48 | 7.60 ± 1.55 | < 0.001 | ADA | ECLIA | 7 |
| Niu et al. [43] | 2018 | China | CC | 89 | 28.31 ± 3.42 | 25.08 ± 1.25 | 11.98 ± 4.49 | 89 | 27.16 ± 3.06 | 24.85 ± 0.97 | 9.64 ± 1.90 | < 0.001 | ADA | ECLIA | 7 |
N Number of subjects, GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus, CC Case control, NCC Nested case–control, BMI Body mass index, ADA American diabetes association, ACOG American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, C&C Carpenter and Couston, WHO World Health Organization, IADPSG International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group, ADIPS Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society, NDDG National Diabetes Date Group, ELASA Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, IRMA Immunoradiometric assay, ECLIA Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, NOS Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, NA Not available