Table 3.
Moran bivariate correlation, multivariate regression, and spatial regression between COVID-19 incidence rate and social determinants of health. Brazil, 2020
| Social determinants | Bivariate correlation | Multivariate regression | Spatial regression | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moran I | P value | Coefficient | P value | Coefficient | P value | |
| Block 1: synthetic indicators of social vulnerability and human development | ||||||
| Social Vulnerability Index | 0.076 | 0.002 | 157.70 | < 0.001 | 85.992 | < 0.001 |
| Municipal Human Development Index | -0.022 | 0.002 | 297.64 | < 0.001 | 184.08 | < 0.001 |
| Block 2: Domains of the Social Vulnerability Index | ||||||
| SVI urban infrastructure | 0.012 | 0.024 | -0.015 | 0.664 | - | - |
| SVI human Capital | 0.041 | 0.002 | -14.374 | 0.445 | - | - |
| SVI income and work | 0.029 | 0.005 | -0.150 | 1.000 | - | - |
| Block 3: Domains of the Municipal Human Development Index | ||||||
| MHDI longevity | -0.004 | 0.050 | 49.268 | 0.339 | -2.2737 | 0.960 |
| MHDI education | -0.018 | 0.002 | 71.587 | 0.002 | 60.566 | 0.004 |
| MHDI income | -0.028 | 0.001 | -65.9104 | 0.052 | -26.068 | 0.394 |
| Block 4: SVI urban infrastructure domain | ||||||
| Percentage of people in households with inadequate water supply and sewage | 0.111 | 0.002 | 0.298482 | 0.00323 | 0.0538755 | 0.55741 |
| Percentage of the population living in urban households without garbage collection service | 0.105 | 0.002 | -0.105842 | 0.40675 | -0.0830367 | 0.47279 |
| Percentage of people who live in households with per capita income less than half minimum wage (2010) and who spend more than an hour to reach place of work | 0.074 | 0.005 | 1.19532 | 0.00000 | 0.78499 | 0.00001 |
| Block 5: SVI human capital domain | ||||||
| Mortality up to 1 year old | -0.019 | 0.010 | -0.0233645 | 0.94510 | 0.068086 | 0.82536 |
| Percentage of children aged 0 to 5 who do not attend school | 0.026 | 0.002 | -0.480704 | 0.0050 | -0.370537 | 0.0733 |
| Percentage of people aged 6 to 14 who do not attend school | 0.164 | 0.001 | 2.99476 | 0.00000 | 1.2672 | 0.00621 |
| Percentage of women aged 10 to 17 who had children | 0.0899 | 0.002 | 2.0033 | 0.01684 | 1.28813 | 0.09273 |
| Percentage of mothers who are heads of household, without complete elementary school and with children under 15 years of age | 0.0556 | 0.002 | 0.0249375 | 0.88425 | -0.194968 | 0.21320 |
| Illiteracy rate of the population aged 15 or over | -0.0456 | 0.004 | -1.11608 | 0.00049 | -0.66807 | 0.02257 |
| Percentage of children living in households where none of the residents have completed elementary school | -0.0175 | 0.002 | -0.372317 | 0.05105 | -0.235047 | 0.17791 |
| Percentage of people aged 15 to 24 who do not study, do not work and have a per capita household income equal to or less than half minimum wage (2010) | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.859119 | 0.00164 | 0.572682 | 0.02164 |
| Block 6: SVI income and labor domain | ||||||
| Proportion of people with per capita household income equal to or less than half minimum wage (2010) | 0.0281 | 0.005 | 0.823252 | 0.00000 | 0.496891 | 0.00007 |
| Unemployment rate of the population aged 18 or over | -0.0065 | 0.01 | -0.643252 | 0.15191 | -0.361881 | 0.37497 |
| Percentage of persons aged 18 or over with no complete elementary education and informally employed | 0.0048 | 0.002 | -1.64513 | 0.00000 | -1.05841 | 0.00000 |
| Percentage of people in households with per capita income less than half the minimum wage (2010) and dependent on the elderly | -0.0031 | 0.198 | - | - | - | - |
| Activity rate of persons aged 10 to 14 years of age | 0.0943 | 0.005 | 1.31266 | 0.00000 | 0.586937 | 0.00466 |
| Block 7: MHDI longevity domain | ||||||
| Life expectancy at birth | -0.0044 | 0.030 | 0.986428 | 0.02657 | 0.89851 | 0.02545 |
| Block 8: MHDI education domain | ||||||
| Subindex education | 0.0100 | 0.002 | 2728.69 | 0.52713 | 294.603 | 0.93733 |
| Percentage of individuals aged 18 or older who have completed elementary school | 0.0100 | 0.002 | -26.5486 | 0.53830 | -2.21157 | 0.93733 |
| School attendance index | -0.0430 | 0.002 | 74.3527 | 0.32880 | -40.6921 | 0.56735 |
| Percentage of individuals aged 5 to 6 years in school | -0.0731 | 0.002 | -0.55266 | 0.03744 | -0.017439 | 0.94772 |
| Percentage of individuals aged 11 to 13 years old who are enrolled in the final years of elementary school or who have completed elementary school | -0.0775 | 0.005 | -0.536377 | 0.08705 | 0.644394 | 0.03203 |
| Percentage individuals aged 15 to 17 years, with complete primary | -0.0226 | 0.002 | -0.405591 | 0.21912 | 0.0235485 | 0.93707 |
| Percentage individuals aged 18 to 20 years who have graduated from secondary school | -0.005 | 0.382 | - | - | - | - |
| Block 9: MHDI income domain | ||||||
| Per capita income | -0.0113 | 0.002 | 0.228899 | 0.00799 | 0.199184 | 0.01070 |
| Block 10: Other vulnerability and development indicators | ||||||
| Illiteracy rate (aged 18 years or over) | -0.037 | 0.062 | - | - | - | - |
| Illiteracy rate (aged 25 years or over) | -0.035 | 0.064 | - | - | - | - |
| Per capita income of those vulnerable to poverty | -0.060 | 0.002 | -0.109244 | 0.00003 | 0.00382703 | 0.96425 |
| Percentage of income from income from work | 0.074 | 0.001 | 0.869056 | 0.19392 | 0.309083 | 0.10397 |
| Gini Index | 0.049 | 0.170 | - | - | - | - |
| Percentage of employees with a formal contract (aged 18 years or over) | -0.055 | 0.002 | -0.622194 | 0.19392 | -0.533661 | 0.22342 |
| Percentage of employees without a formal contract (aged 18 years or over) | 0.039 | 0.4060 | - | - | - | - |
| Percentage of public sector workers (aged 18 years or over) | 0.0286 | 0.002 | 0.457244 | 0.45981 | 0.566954 | 0.31684 |
| Percentage of self-employed workers (aged 18 years or over) | 0.1020 | 0.001 | 0.386326 | 0.12980 | -0.092865 | 0.69078 |
| Percentage of employers (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0292 | 0.005 | -5.14761 | 0.00078 | -4.63911 | 0.00094 |
| Degree of formality of employed persons (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0424 | 0.005 | 0.102908 | 0.79265 | -0.0738698 | 0.83667 |
| Percentage of employed persons with complete elementary education (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0039 | 0.005 | 0.99806 | 0.03399 | 0.889692 | 0.03927 |
| Percentage of employed persons with complete high school (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0074 | 0.002 | 0.71983 | 0.20002 | 0.189241 | 0.71284 |
| Percentage of employed persons with complete higher education (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0378 | 0.002 | -2.44724 | 0.00030 | -1.59828 | 0.00990 |
| Average income of employed persons (aged 18 years or over) | -0.0036 | 0.002 | 0.0317216 | 0.00145 | 0.0317537 | 0.00050 |
| Percentage of employed persons without income (aged 18 years or over) | 0.0422 | 0.001 | 0.890013 | 0.00021 | 0.373849 | 0.08911 |
MHDI Municipal Human Development Index, SVI Social Vulnerability Index. - Not applicable