Table A1.
Items constituting the Frailty Index and their coding/cut-off points in the LBC1936.
| Items | Coding | Cut-offs based on |
|---|---|---|
| Systolic blood pressure | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Diabetes (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| High Cholesterol (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Heart problems (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Stroke or mini stroke (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Leg pain (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Blood circulation issues (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Thyroid Disorder (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Cancer (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Parkinson's disease (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Dementia (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Arthritis (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Any other chronic disease (self-reported) | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Polypharmacy (self-reported) | >4 medications (1), ≤4 medications (0) | Previous literature (Theou et al., 2013) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | 18.5 to <25 (0), 25 to <30 (0.5), <18.5 or > equal to 30 (1) | Previous literature (Chamberlain et al., 2016) |
| 6 m walk time (gait speed) | >10 s or physically unable (1), <10 s (0) | Previous literature (Hoogendijk et al., 2017) |
| Able to stand up from a chair | Yes (1) or No (0) | Already binary variable |
| Grip strength (strongest hand and stratified by sex and BMI) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Townsend Disability Scale (Townsend, 1979) | 11–18 (1), 0–10 (0) | Previous literature (Matthews et al., 2016) |
| Peak Expiratory Flow rate (stratified by sex) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Forced expiratory volume (stratified by sex) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Depression (measured by the HADS) (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) | 11–21 (1), 8–10 (0.5), 0–7 (0) | Previous literature (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) |
| Anxiety (measured by the HADS) (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) | 11–21 (1), 8–10 (0.5), 0–7 (0) | Previous literature (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) |
| Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (Folstein et al., 1975) | <10 (1), 11–17 (0.75), 18–20 (0.5), 20–24 (0.25), >24 (0) | Previous literature (Searle et al., 2008) |
| Digit Symbol(Wechsler, 2003) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Block Design(Wechsler, 2003) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Verbal Fluency(Wechsler, 2003) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Matrix Reasoning(Wechsler, 2003) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Reaction time test(Cox et al., 1993) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
| Delayed recall(Wechsler, 2003) | Bottom 5th percentile (1), 5th–20th percentile (0.5), Above 20th percentile (0) | Recommended technique where no established cut-offs available (Theou et al., 2015) |
Note. HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale.