Table 2.
Clinical outcomes and accelerometry data.
| Control | pwMS | RRMS | PP-/SPMS | EDSS ≤ 3.5 | EDSS > 3.5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical test | ||||||
| T25FW (s) | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 6.8 ± 3.5 | 4.7 ± 0.8 | 7.8 ± 3.5 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.020) | ||||
| FTSTS (s) | 7.4 ± 1.7 | 11.7 ± 4.8 | 9.6 ± 1.7 | 13.8 ± 5.9 | 10.4 ± 2.7 | 15.8 ± 7.4 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.039) | ||||
| TTW (s) | 6.6 ± 1.8 | 11.8 ± 5.6 | 8.9 ± 3.3 | 14.4 ± 6.2 | 10.4 ± 4.1 | 15.8 ± 7.5 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.030) | ||||
| 2MWT (m) | 201 ± 35 | 164 ± 38 | 179 ± 29 | 148 ± 40 | 176 ± 29 | 131 ± 41 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.002) | (p = 0.003) | ||||
| 6MWT (m) | 609 ± 75 | 477 ± 123 | 530 ± 86 | 424 ± 132 | 517 ± 90 | 362 ± 136 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.002) | ||||
| PROMS | ||||||
| GLTEQ | 43.1 ± 27.1 | 25.1 ± 20.9 | 30.1 ± 21.6 | 20.6 ± 19.2 | 29.5 ± 20.9 | 13.9 ± 16.4 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.105) | (p = 0.014) | ||||
| FAI | 34.6 ± 4.6 | 32.0 ± 6.1 | 32.4 ± 5.1 | 32.1 ± 6.8 | 33.6 ± 5.1 | 28.6 ± 6.7 |
| (p = 0.023) | (p < 0.868) | (p = 0.028) | ||||
| IPAQ | 7,553 ± 7,454 | 6,314 ± 5,919 | 6,449 ± 5,451 | 6,188 ± 6,415 | 6,459 ± 5,059 | 5,900 ± 8,099 |
| (p = 0.347) | (p = 0.868) | (p = 0.805) | ||||
| MSWS-12 | 26.4 ± 13.9 | 18.8 ± 9.7 | 34.5 ± 12.5 | 21.0 ± 10.3 | 42.0 ± 9.4 | |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0. 001) | |||||
| Wear time of actiGraph and smartphone | ||||||
| Wear time ActiGraph minutes | 4,498 ± 1,305 | 4,556 ± 1,692 | 4,056 ± 1,715 | 5,038 ± 1,547 | 4,638 ± 1,437 | 4,278 ± 2,407 |
| (p = 0.869) | (p = 0.036) | (p = 0.740) | ||||
| Wear time smartphone minutes | 3,684 ± 1,390 | 2,769 ± 1,980 | 2,783 ± 1,582 | 2,557 ± 2,315 | 2,884 ± 2,071 | 2,081 ± 1,742 |
| (p < 0.005) | (p = 0.733) | (p = 0.171) | ||||
| Smartphone outcomes | ||||||
| meanVM | 9.86 ± 0.08 | 9.83 ± 0.07 | 9.83 ± 0.07 | 9.88 ± 0.07 | 9.85 ± 0.07 | 9.87 ± 0.09 |
| (p = 0.103) | (p = 0.007) | (p = 0.467) | ||||
| varVM | 0.485 ± 0.26 | 0.264 ± 0.22 | 0.430 ± 0.19 | 0.103 ± 0.10 | 0.311 ± 0.23 | 0.138 ± 0.16 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.007) | ||||
| ActiGraph outcomes | ||||||
| meanVM | 2,405 ± 714 | 2,286 ± 583 | 2,375 ± 580 | 2,205 ± 583 | 2,275 ± 592 | 2,319 ± 575 |
| (p = 0.347) | (p = 0.309) | (p = 0.805) | ||||
| Daily MVPA | 218 ± 80 | 216 ± 83 | 189 ± 77 | 240 ± 81 | 213 ± 82 | 223 ± 88 |
| (p = 0.869) | (p = 0.023) | (p = 0.791) | ||||
| Steps/minute | 13.5 ± 3.43 | 11.6 ± 2.80 | 12.1 ± 2.24 | 11.0 ± 3.17 | 11.8 ± 2.94 | 10.9 ± 2.24 |
| (p < 0.001) | (p = 0.165) | (p = 0.421) | ||||
Values represent mean ± SD if not otherwise indicated. p-values for group comparison (patients vs. controls, RRMS vs. PP-/SPMS and EDSS groups) based on chi-square test for rates or Student's t-test. p-values are corrected p-values through Benjamini–Hochberg.
T25FW, Timed 25-Foot Walk; FTSTS, Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test; TTW, 3-Meter Timed Tandem Walk; 2MWT, 2-Minute Walk Time; 6MWT, 6-Minute Walk Time; GLTEQ, Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire; FAI, Frenchay Activity Index; IPAQ, International Physical Activity Questionnaire; MSWS-12, 12-Item MS Walking Scale; meanVM, mean vector magnitude; varVM, variance of vector magnitude; daily MVPA, daily moderate to vigorous physical activity.