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. 2020 Aug 14;11:1788. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01788

Figure 5.

Figure 5

SS2-induced IL-1β secretion in BMDMs requires potassium (K+) efflux, ATP, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. BMDMs were infected with SS2 (MOI, 1) 16 h in the absence or presence of the K+ efflux blocker (KCl, 50 mM), ATP blocker (oxidized ATP, oATP, 500 μM), ROS inhibitor (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC, 20 mM), Nlrp3 inhibitor (MCC950, 10 μM), and Caspase-1 inhibitor (Z-YVAD-FMK, 10 μM). IL-1β in the supernatants was measured with ELISA (A) and LDH was assayed using a Cytotox96 kit (B). BMDMs were also incubated with SS2-S/N 16 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) priming for 3 h in the absence or presence of the above-mentioned inhibitors. The IL-1β in the supernatants was measured with ELISA (C), and LDH was assayed using a Cytotox96 Kit (D). The results are represented as the means ± standard deviations of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.