Table 6.
Descriptive analysis and univariable logistic regression results for risk factors for polyuria and/or polydipsia within 31 days after receiving systemic glucocorticoid therapy among dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK.
| Variable | Category | Case No. (%) | Non-case No. (%) | Odds ratio | 95% CI | Category P-value | Variable P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purebred status | Crossbred | 17 (24.29) | 656 (22.45) | Base | 0.719 | ||
| Purebred | 53 (75.71) | 2266 (77.55) | 0.9 | 0.52–1.57 | 0.716 | ||
| Common breeds | Crossbreed | 17 (23.94) | 593 (20.25) | Base | 0.39 | ||
| Boxer | 4 (5.63) | 61 (2.08) | 2.29 | 0.75–7.01 | 0.148 | ||
| Bichon | 3 (4.23) | 67 (2.29) | 1.56 | 0.45–5.47 | 0.486 | ||
| Labrador Retriever | 8 (11.27) | 179 (6.11) | 1.56 | 0.66–3.67 | 0.31 | ||
| German Shepherd Dog | 3 (4.23) | 71 (2.42) | 1.47 | 0.42–5.15 | 0.544 | ||
| Lhasa Apso | 2 (2.82) | 59 (2.01) | 1.18 | 0.27–5.24 | 0.825 | ||
| Border Collie | 2 (2.82) | 62 (2.12) | 1.13 | 0.25–4.98 | 0.877 | ||
| Cavalier King Charles Spaniel | 0 | 68 (2.32) | Empty | ||||
| Cocker Spaniel | 3 (4.23) | 111 (3.79) | 0.94 | 0.27–3.27 | 0.926 | ||
| West Highland White Terrier | 4 (5.63) | 171 (5.84 | 0.82 | 0.27–2.46 | 0.718 | ||
| Shih Tzu | 2 (2.82) | 97 (3.31) | 0.72 | 0.16–3.16 | 0.663 | ||
| Yorkshire Terrier | 2 (2.82) | 105 (3.58) | 0.66 | 0.15–2.92 | 0.588 | ||
| Staffordshire Bull Terrier | 3 (4.23) | 230 (7.85) | 0.45 | 0.13–1.57 | 0.212 | ||
| Jack Russell Terrier | 1 (1.41) | 178 (6.08) | 0.20 | 0.03–1.48 | 0.114 | ||
| Other purebred | 17 (23.94) | 877 (29.94) | 0.68 | 0.34–1.34 | 0.26 | ||
| Sex | Female | 31 (43.66) | 1295 (44.21) | Base | 0.918 | ||
| Male | 40 (56.34) | 1630 (55.65) | 1.03 | 0.64–1.65 | 0.918 | ||
| Age (years)a | ≤2.0 | 5 (7.04) | 713 (24.47) | Base | <0.001 | ||
| 2.0– ≤ 5.0 | 20 (28.17) | 808 (27.73) | 3.53 | 1.32–9.45 | 0.012 | ||
| 5.0– ≤ 8.0 | 17 (23.94) | 615 (21.11) | 3.94 | 1.45–10.75 | 0.007 | ||
| >8.0 | 29 (40.85) | 778 (26.70) | 5.32 | 2.05–13.81 | 0.001 | ||
| Bodyweight (kg)b | ≤10.0 | 12 (16.90) | 810 (27.65) | Base | 0.319 | ||
| >10.0–20 | 17 (23.94) | 739 (25.23) | 1.55 | 0.74–3.27 | 0.247 | ||
| >20.0–30 | 13 (18.31) | 429 (14.65) | 2.05 | 0.93–4.52 | 0.077 | ||
| >30.0–40 | 9 (12.68) | 266 (9.08) | 2.28 | 0.95–5.48 | 0.064 | ||
| >40 | 5 (7.04) | 134 (4.57) | 2.52 | 0.87–7.26 | 0.087 | ||
| Not recorded | 15 (21.13) | 551 (18.81) | 1.84 | 0.85–3.96 | 0.120 | ||
| Route of systemic glucocorticoid administration (within 31 days) | Injectable | 10 (14.08) | 1,353 (46.19) | Base | <0.001 | ||
| Oral | 42 (59.15) | 1,349 (46.06) | 4.21 | 2.10–8.43 | <0.001 | ||
| Both oral and injectable | 19 (26.76) | 227 (7.75) | 11.32 | 5.20–24.67 | <0.001 | ||
| Active systemic glucocorticoid substance (Within 31 days) | Injectable: Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate | 7 (9.86) | 805 (27.48) | Base | <0.001 | ||
| Injectable: Dexamethasone Phenylpropionate, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate | 2 (2.82) | 457 (15.60) | 0.5 | 0.10–2.43 | 0.393 | ||
| Other injectable only | 2 (2.82) | 92 (3.14) | 2.5 | 0.51–12.21 | 0.258 | ||
| Oral: Methylprednisolone | 0 | 120 (4.10) | Empty | ||||
| Oral: Prednisolone | 44 (61.97) | 1,233 (42.10) | 4.1 | 1.84–9.16 | <0.001 | ||
| Oral: Prednisolone- and injectable Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate | 13 (18.31) | 184 (6.28) | 8.12 | 3.20–20.65 | <0.001 | ||
| Other oral and injectable combinations | 3 (4.23) | 38 (1.30) | 9.08 | 2.26–36.49 | <0.001 | ||
| Season | Winter | 14 (19.72) | 621 (21.20) | Base | 0.075 | ||
| Spring | 24 (33.80) | 609 (20.79) | 1.75 | 0.9–3.41 | 0.102 | ||
| Autumn | 17 (23.94) | 780 (26.63) | 0.97 | 0.47–1.98 | 0.926 | ||
| Summer | 16 (22.54) | 919 (31.38) | 0.77 | 0.37–1.59 | 0.484 | ||
| Neuter status | Entire | 13 (18.31) | 981 (33.49) | 0.018 | |||
| Neutered | 50 (70.42) | 1,671 (57.05) | 2.26 | 1.22–4.18 | 0.009 | ||
| Unrecorded | 8 (11.27) | 277 (9.46) | 2.18 | 0.89–5.31 | 0.087 |
a
Age at having a side effect for cases and age at a random treatment for non-cases.
b
Within 31 days of treatment for dogs <18 month and any body weight in 2013 for adults.