Table 2.
Unstandardized and standardized estimates, standard errors, p, and bootstrap C.I. for paths in the model (n = 595).
| Path | Unst. est. | SE | St. est. | p | lower 2.5% C.I. | upper 2.5% C.I. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health-related behaviors → Psychological well-being | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.237 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ||
| Total indirect | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.237 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ||
| Spirituality → Psychological well-being | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.163 | 0.024 | 0.294 | <0.001 | 0.115 | 0.211 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | 0.038 | 0.009 | 0.069 | <0.001 | −0.024 | 0.001 | |
| Total indirect | 0.038 | 0.024 | 0.043 | <0.001 | 0.022 | 0.057 | ||
| Total | 0.201 | 0.009 | 0.363 | <0.001 | 0.156 | 0.247 | ||
| Type of studies → Psychological well-being | ||||||||
| Direct | −0.026 | 0.026 | −0.041 | 0.305 | −0.076 | 0.024 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | −0.010 | 0.007 | −0.016 | 0.117 | −0.024 | 0.001 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | 0.053 | 0.011 | 0.082 | <0.001 | 0.033 | 0.076 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | |||||||
| Health-related behaviors | 0.012 | 0.003 | 0.019 | <0.001 | 0.007 | 0.020 | ||
| Total indirect | 0.055 | 0.013 | 0.052 | <0.001 | 0.029 | 0.082 | ||
| Total | 0.029 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.294 | −0.025 | 0.083 | ||
| Gender → Psychological well-being | ||||||||
| Direct | −0.038 | 0.026 | −0.056 | 0.150 | −0.091 | 0.013 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | −0.005 | 0.005 | −0.008 | 0.322 | −0.016 | 0.005 | |
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | 0.025 | 0.008 | 0.037 | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.041 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.699 | −0.014 | 0.020 | |
| Indirect through | Type of studies | |||||||
| Health-related behaviors | −0.002 | 0.001 | −0.003 | 0.144 | −0.005 | 0.000 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | |||||||
| Spirituality | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.707 | −0.003 | 0.003 | ||
| Indirect through | Spirituality | |||||||
| Type of studies | 0.010 | 0.003 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.017 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | |||||||
| Spirituality | ||||||||
| Type of studies | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.004 | ||
| Total indirect | 0.034 | 0.014 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.062 | ||
| Total | −0.004 | 0.028 | −0.005 | 0.897 | −0.060 | 0.050 | ||
| Age → Psychological well-being | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.029 | 0.437 | −0.007 | 0.017 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | −0.002 | 0.002 | −0.012 | 0.310 | −0.006 | 0.002 | |
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.587 | −0.002 | 0.004 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | −0.001 | 0.002 | −0.009 | 0.511 | −0.006 | 0.003 | |
| Indirect through | Type of studies | |||||||
| Health-related behaviors | −0.001 | 0.000 | −0.005 | 0.123 | −0.002 | 0.000 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | |||||||
| Spirituality | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.002 | 0.517 | −0.001 | 0.001 | ||
| Indirect through | Spirituality | |||||||
| Type of studies | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.024 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.006 | ||
| Indirect through | Health-related behaviors | |||||||
| Spirituality | ||||||||
| Type of studies | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.002 | ||
| Total indirect | 0.001 | 0.003 | −0.028 | 0.723 | −0.005 | 0.008 | ||
| Total | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.037 | 0.334 | −0.006 | 0.018 | ||
| Type of studies → Health-related behaviors | ||||||||
| Direct | −1.681 | 1.000 | −0.067 | 0.093 | −3.668 | 0.237 | ||
| Indirect through | Spirituality | 2.030 | 0.449 | 0.081 | <0.001 | 1.217 | 2.959 | |
| Total indirect | 2.030 | 0.449 | 0.053 | <0.001 | −1.669 | 2.342 | ||
| Total | 0.349 | 1.020 | 0.014 | 0.732 | 1.217 | 2.959 | ||
| Spirituality → Health-related behaviors | ||||||||
| Direct | 6.261 | 0.991 | 0.290 | <0.001 | 4.334 | 8.204 | ||
| Total indirect | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total | 6.261 | 0.991 | 0.290 | <0.001 | 4.334 | 8.204 | (Continued) | |
| Gender → Health-related behaviors | ||||||||
| Direct | 4.043 | 1.038 | 0.154 | <0.001 | 1.932 | 6.077 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | −0.332 | 0.213 | −0.013 | 0.119 | −0.788 | 0.048 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | 0.126 | 0.328 | 0.005 | 0.701 | −0.526 | 0.780 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | |||||||
| Type of studies | 0.401 | 0.123 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.195 | 0.669 | ||
| Total indirect | 0.195 | 0.385 | −0.017 | 0.612 | −0.552 | 0.969 | ||
| Total | 4.238 | 1.066 | 0.162 | <0.001 | 2.119 | 6.311 | ||
| Age → Health-related behaviors | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.137 | 0.246 | 0.022 | 0.578 | −0.344 | 0.622 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | −0.123 | 0.075 | −0.020 | 0.100 | −0.274 | 0.018 | |
| Indirect through | Spirituality | −0.053 | 0.081 | −0.008 | 0.510 | −0.213 | 0.105 | |
| Indirect through | Type of studies | |||||||
| Spirituality | 0.149 | 0.038 | 0.024 | <0.001 | 0.084 | 0.232 | ||
| Total indirect | 0.109 | 0.255 | −0.033 | 0.668 | −0.387 | 0.615 | ||
| Total | −0.027 | 0.109 | 0.017 | 0.800 | −0.239 | 0.187 | ||
| Type of studies → Spirituality | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.324 | 0.048 | 0.280 | <0.001 | 0.230 | 0.417 | ||
| Total indirect | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total | 0.324 | 0.048 | 0.280 | <0.001 | 0.230 | 0.417 | ||
| Gender → Spirituality | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.020 | 0.052 | 0.017 | 0.697 | −0.081 | 0.122 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | 0.064 | 0.016 | 0.053 | <0.001 | 0.035 | 0.098 | |
| Total indirect | 0.084 | 0.053 | 0.031 | 0.113 | −0.021 | 0.189 | ||
| Total | 0.064 | 0.016 | 0.069 | <0.001 | 0.035 | 0.098 | ||
| Age → Spirituality | ||||||||
| Direct | −0.008 | 0.013 | −0.029 | 0.507 | −0.033 | 0.016 | ||
| Indirect through | Type of studies | 0.024 | 0.004 | 0.082 | <0.001 | 0.015 | 0.033 | |
| Total indirect | 0.015 | 0.013 | 0.057 | 0.238 | −0.010 | 0.041 | ||
| Total | 0.024 | 0.004 | 0.053 | <0.001 | 0.015 | 0.033 | ||
| Gender → Type of studies | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.198 | 0.041 | 0.188 | <0.001 | 0.112 | 0.265 | ||
| Total indirect | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total | 0.198 | 0.041 | 0.188 | <0.001 | 0.112 | 0.265 | ||
| Age → Type of studies | ||||||||
| Direct | 0.073 | 0.009 | 0.292 | <0.001 | 0.223 | 0.361 | ||
| Total indirect | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total | 0.073 | 0.009 | 0.292 | <0.001 | 0.223 | 0.361 | ||
Education (0 = on the human’s body and 1 = on the human’s mind and spirit) and gender (0 = males and 1 = females).