TABLE 3.

Related factors of motor functional shift in patients with frontal gliomas.

	p-Value
		Multiple logistic
	Univariate	regression analysis
	analysis	with stepwise method
Age	0.93	0.15
WHO grade	0.47	–
Histology	0.10	–
IDH-1 mutation	0.16	–
Degree of infiltration	0.67	0.57
Surgical history; initial/2nd or subsequent surgery	0.083	0.0070**
Involving primary motor area (BA4)	0.0019∗∗	<0.0001****
Involving pre-motor area (BA6), but not BA4	0.14	–
Preoperative paresis	0.72	–

Bold, significant considering Bonferroni correction; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001. For univariate analysis, Wilcoxon test or Pearson’s chi-squared test was used. Multiple regression analysis: R² = 0.67 (p = 0.0004). BA, Brodmann area; IDH, isocitrate dehydrogenase.