FIGURE 2.
Comprehensive summary. In this review we address some of the major advancements in stem cell technology as it relates to retinal degeneration. Understanding the degenerative milieu has improved stem cell integration into the retina. However, thus far only RPE derived from hESCs and IPSCs have progressed to clinical trials. On the other hand, retinal regeneration in mammalian tissue is in very nascent stages. Elucidation of pathways involved in regeneration in zebrafish has been successful in isolating elements that can be used to mobilizing Müller glia for regeneration in mammalian retina. (OLM, outer limiting membrane).