TABLE 2.

Descriptive data of the studied sample and memory measures.

Studied sample (N = 447)	Mean (SD)/% (n)	[Range]
Age (years)	26.64 (7.60)	[18.09–57.22]
Sex	W: 51 % (228)
	M: 49 % (219)
Confounding factors
Handedness	Left: 45.41 % (203)
	Right: 54.59 % (244)
Education (years)	15.27 (2.50)	[8–20]
Vocabulary scope (max. 44)	27.47 (4.25)	[15–36]
Rhyming (max. 80)	67.02 (6.08)	[44–77]
WMC (max. 6)	4.17 (0.99)	[2–6]
Verbal list test (RAVLT)
STR (trial 1, max. 18)	7.99 (2.00)*	[2–16]
LOT (trials 2 + 3)−(trial 1 × 2)	9.72 (3.21)*	[1–18]
DR (% of max. trial)	90.49 (10.80)*	[50–121.43]
Pseudoword list test
STR (trial 1, max. 15)	2.91 (1.40)	[0–9]
LOT (trials 2 + 3)−(trial 1 × 2)	6.97 (3.78)	[-2 to 17]
DR (% of max. trial)	62.30 (24.73)	[0 - 118.18]

Continuous variables are summarized as the mean ± SD, and categorical variables are summarized as % (n); WMC, working memory capacity; STR, short-term recall; LOT, learning over trials; DR, delayed recall; *significant differences between word and pseudoword scores, as assessed by a paired samples Bonferroni t-test corrected for the multiplicity of tests (p < 0.016). nota bene: The same significant differences were observed when STR and LOT were expressed as the percentage of list length.