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. 2020 Aug 14;7:494. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00494

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Copyright © 2020 Pauler, Isselstein, Berard, Braunbeck and Schneider.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forage selection behavior of three cattle breeds Angus × Holstein, Original Braunvieh, and Highland cattle. For all the nine cows per breed (A) the evenness of forage selection, (B) the average forage quality of the selected plants (21), and the share of (C) broad-leaved grasses, (D) legumes, (E) thistles, and (F) shrubs within the selected forage plants were measured. Filled boxplots represent average values, empty boxplots differentiate by the three types of alpine pastures: (1) nutrient-rich, flat pasture, (2) heterogeneous dwarf-shrub pasture, (3) nutrient-poor fen and wood pasture. Significances of differences among breeds are displayed above the boxplots in black, those among pastures below the boxplots in light gray [box: 25th to 75th quartile range (IRQ); line: median; whiskers: max. 1.5 × IQR; points: outliers; ^nsp > 0.1; °p < 0.1; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, na, not available].