. 2020 Jun;18(6):518–537. doi: 10.2174/1570159X18666200124145743

Table 1.

Mechanisms of action of β-blockers used in published drug-trials for ET.

  1. Non-selective β-blockers
1.1 Propranolol.
1.2 Timolol.
1.3 Nadolol.
1.4 Sotalol.
1.5 Pindolol.
  2. Selective β₁-adrenergic receptors blockers
2.1 Metoprolol.
2.2 Atenolol.
  3. Mixed β₁-adrenergic antagonist and β₂-adrenergic
3.1 Indenolol.
  4. Mixed alpha and β-blockers
4.1 Arotinolol (partial β₃ agonist).
4.2 Nipradilol (non-selective β-blocker).