Table 7.
The correlation of deregulation of HLA-G gene and overall survival rate of the cancer patients as reported by previous studies in comparison with our results
| Type of cancer | Results found in our study | Results found in some previous studies | Controversy | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer | HLA-G gene in breast cancer had a hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85 (95%CI, 0.69 − 1.06) and log-rank p-value= 0.15; therefore the result was not statistically significant. | In the whole cohort of patients, HLA-G showed no statistically significant difference in outcome between expression versus no expression for overall survival (P = 0.74). | No | [54] |
| Breast cancer patients with positive HLA-G expression had a lower survival rate in comparison with negative HLA-G expression patients (P = 0.028). | Yes | [55] | ||
| HLA-G upregulated expression was confirmed in breast cancer. HLA-G was associated with both improved relapse-free survival and overall survival. | Yes | [56] | ||
| The expression of HLA-G was significantly higher in invasive ductal breast cancer patients with shorter survival time (P = 0.03). | Yes | [57] | ||
| Breast cancer patients with HLA-G-positive tumor cells had shorter disease-free survival, though not significantly (P = 0.14). | No | [58] | ||
| Ovarian Cancer | The relation between the high expression of HLA-G gene and more survival rate was statistically significant (less number of patients at risk) (HR = 0.81 (95%CI, 0.71 − 0.93) and log-rank p-value= 0.0023) | Ovarian cancer patients with HLA-G expression >17% showed poor survival than those with HLA-G expression <17% group with a P value of 0.04. | Yes | [59] |
| The HLA-G5/-G6 was expressed in 79.7% (94/118) of ovarian cancer lesions. lesion HLA-G5/-G6 expression was unrelated to clinicoparameters including histological type, patient age, FIGO stages and patient survival. | Yes | [60] | ||
| Survival was prolonged when ovarian tumors expressed HLA-G (P = 0.008) and HLA-G was an independent predictor for better survival (P = 0.011). Furthermore, longer progression-free survival (P = 0.036) and response to chemotherapy (P = 0.014) was correlated with expression of HLA-G. | No | [61] | ||
| The Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated no significant association between survival and HLA-G expression status in ovarian carcinoma patients. | Yes | [62] | ||
| Lung cancer | HLA-G gene in lung cancer had a HR = 1.21 (95%CI, 1.07 − 1.38) and log-rank p-value= 0.0029; therefore the result was statistically significant (the relation between the low expression of HLA-G gene and more survival rate) | The Higher sHLA-G level above the median (≥50 U/ml) in patients is associated with statistically significant shorter survival time in comparison to the lower sHLA-G expression (P < 0.0001). | No | [63] |
| sHLA-G expression was observed in 34.0% (45/131) of the NSCLC lesions, which was unrelated to patient survival. | Yes | [64] | ||
| Plasma sHLA-G above the median level (≥median, 32.0 U/ml) in NSCLC patients is strongly associated with shorter survival time (P = 0.044). | No | [65] | ||
| Patients with sHLA-G <40 ng/ml (p = 0.073) showed prolonged overall survival. | No | [66] | ||
| Patients with HLA-G positive tumors had a significantly shorter survival time than those with tumors that were HLA-G negative (P = 0.001). | No | [67] | ||
| Survival analyses were shown that the HLA class I loss was correlated to recurrence-free survival time. | No | [68] | ||
| Gastric carcinoma patients with HLA-G positive tumors had a significantly shorter survival time than those patients with tumors that were HLA-G negative (P = .001). | No | [69] | ||
| Gastric cancer | HLA-G gene in gastric cancer had a HR = 1.3 (95%CI, 1.09 − 1.54) and log-rank p-value= 0.0027; therefore the result was statistically significant (the relation between the low expression of HLA-G gene and more survival rate. | Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated that patients with HLA-G-positive gastric cancer had a poorer prognosis than those with HLA-G negative gastric cancer (P = 0.008). | No | [70] |
| The overall median survival was worse in gastric adenocarcinoma patients with HLA-G-positive tumors compared to those with HLA-G-negative tumors (p < 0.0001). | No | [71] | ||
| Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that gastric cancer patients with HLA-G expression had a significantly poorer overall survival than those without HLA-G expression at 5 years after the operation. | No | [72] | ||
| The 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients in the HLA-G-positive group was significantly higher than the HLA-G-negative group. | Yes | [73] |