Table 1.

Application of Social Cognitive Theory in DIAL Intervention.

SCT construct	How SCT construct was targeted by DIAL intervention	Examples of relevant IVR counseling messages
Self-regulation	Tracked pedometer step counts and MVPA via daily IVR calls, received feedback on progress via IVR system and monthly graphic-based reports, along with monetary incentives for self-monitoring	“You are on your way to meeting the national guidelines. Keep up the good work. Consider leaving yourself reminders and finding a walking partner to help you reach that goal.”
Self-efficacy	Received individually tailored IVR-supported phone counseling at 4, 8, and 12 weeks	“You sound unsure about your ability to exercise, even more so than last time we spoke. Try squeezing in a 10-minute walk 1 or 2 days this week. Meeting this small goal will help you feel more sure that you can fit physical activity into your life.”
Social support	Received individually tailored IVR-supported phone counseling at 4, 8, and 12 weeks	“You have people in your life who support your efforts to be physically active. This can be very helpful. Ask them to remind you to walk or maybe even take a walk with you.”
Outcome expectations	Received individually tailored IVR-supported phone counseling at 4, 8, and 12 weeks	“You don’t expect much good to come from exercising, same as last time we talked. Physical activity can be energizing, improve your mood, and leave you feeling refreshed. Keep this in mind as you try to make physical activity a habit.”
Enjoyment	Received individually tailored IVR-supported phone counseling at 4, 8, and 12 weeks	“You enjoy physical activity, more so today than the last time we spoke. That’s great! Try exciting new activities like tai chi or kick boxing so it stays fun.”

Note. SCT = social cognitive theory; DIAL = Deep South IVR-supported Active Lifestyle; IVR = interactive voice response; MPVA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.