Table 2.
Adjusted HRs for sepsis-related mortality by baseline BMI, applying various exclusions
| Baseline BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 18.5 | 18.5 to < 20.0 | 20.0 to < 22.5 | 22.5 to < 25.0 | 25.0 to < 27.5 | 27.5 to < 30.0 | ≥ 30.0 | |
| Multivariable model with no exclusions, adjusted for smoking status | |||||||
| Participants/deaths | 21,916/911 | 44,188/757 | 131,839/1133 | 145,408/850 | 101,523/492 | 46,423/262 | 20,964/125 |
| Deaths/PYs* (/1000) | 2.61 | 1.42 | 0.92 | 0.69 | 0.61 | 0.76 | 0.85 |
| HRs (95% CIs) | 3.57 (3.24–3.94) | 2.00 (1.81–2.21) | 1.33 (1.22–1.46) | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.78–0.98) | 1.07 (0.93–1.23) | 1.17 (0.96–1.41) |
| Participants without known chronic diseases at baseline, adjusted for smoking status | |||||||
| Participants/deaths | 17,260/368 | 37,716/346 | 116,084/613 | 128,367/506 | 89,129/302 | 40,352/140 | 17,775/71 |
| Deaths/PYs* (/1000) | 1.30 | 0.74 | 0.55 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.56 |
| HRs (95% CIs) | 2.60 (2.26–2.99) | 1.56 (1.36–1.80) | 1.19 (1.06–1.34) | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.80–1.06) | 0.99 (0.81–1.19) | 1.17 (0.91–1.51) |
| Participants without known chronic diseases at baseline, adjusted for smoking status, and excluding the first 3 years of follow-up (primary prespecified analysis) | |||||||
| Participants/deaths | 16,701/280 | 36,957/288 | 114,513/513 | 126,914/425 | 88,193/271 | 39,922/118 | 17,563/62 |
| Deaths/PYs* (/1000) | 1.44 | 0.90 | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.69 |
| HRs (95% CIs) | 2.42 (2.07–2.84) | 1.59 (1.36–1.85) | 1.21 (1.06–1.38) | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.83–1.13) | 0.98 (0.80–1.21) | 1.22 (0.93–1.60) |
| Never smokers without known chronic diseases at baseline, excluding the first 3 years of follow-up | |||||||
| Participants/deaths | 10,354/93 | 21,524/109 | 70,419/219 | 81,426/194 | 56,428/137 | 26,190/68 | 12,597/42 |
| Deaths/PYs* (/1000) | 0.80 | 0.63 | 0.47 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.55 |
| HRs (95% CIs) | 2.02 (1.57–2.60) | 1.61 (1.27–2.04) | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.82–1.28) | 1.07 (0.81–1.41) | 1.39 (0.99–1.95) |
Multivariable model was stratified by age, sex, and study area. Covariates adjusted for in the model included education (no formal school, primary school, middle school, high school, college, or university or higher); alcohol consumption (non-weekly drinker, former weekly drinker, weekly drinker, daily drinker: < 30 g/day or ≥ 30 g/day of pure alcohol); physical activity (MET h/d); intake frequency of fresh fruits, vegetables, and red meat (days/week: calculated by assigning participants to the midpoint of their consumption category); and smoking status (never smoker, former smoker who had stopped for reasons other than illness, current smoker or former smoker who had stopped due to illness: 1–9, 10–19, 20–29, or ≥ 30 cigarettes or equivalent per day; not included in the last model)
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body-mass index, PYs person-years, MET h/d metabolic equivalent of task hours per day
*Adjusted for age, sex, and study area