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. 2020 Aug 31;91:102659. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102659

Table 1.

Profile of the studied sample.

Gender Position
CEO/Owner 27.2 %
Male 60.5 % Director 38.7 %
Female 38.5 % Department/Section manager 13.6 %
Others/Prefer not to say 1% Head of Reservations 9.1 %
Other senior role (e.g. Operations Manager) 11.5 %
Highest level of education achieved Hotel rating
Primary-Secondary 4.9 % Hostel/Aparthotel 8.5 %
Vocational training 16.5 % 1 or 2 stars 20.0 %
University degree 49.5 % 3 stars 16.2 %
Master or superior 28.2 % 4 stars 37.7 %
Others 1% 5 stars and above 17.7 %
Number of rooms Number of employees
Less than 20 25.2 %
21−40 11.6 % Less than 10 31.3%
41−80 15.1 % 11−49 23.0%
81−120 17.1 % 50−249 21.4%
21−200 11.6 % 250+ 24.3 %
More than 200 19.4 %
Affiliation with a chain Geographical scope of business operations
Operates only in Spain 55.0 %
Yes 51 % Operates in Spain and Portugal 2.9 %
No 49 % International scope of operations (3 countries or more) 42.1 %
Person/Department in charge of CSR Person/Department in charge of Crisis Management
Yes, dedicated post/unit 17.5 % Yes, dedicated post/unit 8.7 %
Yes, but not a dedicated post 64.6 % Yes, but not a dedicated post 75.1 %
No/I do not know 17.9 % No/I do not know 16.2 %
Tenure Work experience in the Hospitality industry
Less than a year 8.7 % Less than a year 0.8 %
1−3 years 21.5 % 1−3 years 4.5 %
4−10 years 31.8 % 4−10 years 19.8 %



More than 10 years 38.0 % More than 10 years 74.9 %