Fig. 1. Backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BS-SEM) observation of high-temperature fumarolic incrustations from Kudryavy volcano, and secondary minerals in CV chondrites.

(A) Large view of primary basaltic andesite porphyritic texture of fumarolic incrustations from Kudryavy volcano with corroded clinopyroxene and plagioclase (anorthite) bathed in a fine-grained microlithic groundmass and showing the scattered Ca-Fe–rich secondary phases. (B) Large view of Bali CV chondritic texture from secondary minerals in CV chondrites with chondrules (ch), CAI, and dark inclusion (DI) cemented by a fine-grained matrix (mx) and hosting Ca-Fe–rich secondary phases. (C) Vein filled with hedenbergite-diopside assemblage within the plagioclase and pyroxene groundmass of fumarolic incrustations from Kudryavy volcano. (D) Detail of a vein network filled with hedenbergite within the fine-grained olivine (fa50) groundmass of a dark inclusion of Allende from secondary minerals in CV chondrites. (E) SEM backscattered electron images coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray chemical maps of hedenbergite and andradite (reddish) patches in the groundmass of Kudryavy fumarolic rock sample 11C (red, calcium; blue, silicium; green, iron; light blue, aluminum; pink, sulfur; yellow, sodium; orange, magnesium; light green, chlorine; violet, titanium; purple, potassium). (F) Backscattered electron (BSE)–SEM images from secondary minerals in CV chondrites, coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray chemical maps of hedenbergite and andradite (reddish) patches in the matrix of Allende (red, calcium; blue, aluminum; green, iron). adr, andradite; an, anorthite; cpx, “primary” magmatic clinopyroxene; hd, hedenbergite.