Table 2.
Whole blood cytokine stimulation assays to assess innate cytokine responses in salt-losing tubulopathy patients.
| Stimulation | Salt-losing tubulopathy | Healthy control | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| TNF (pg/ml) | |||
| IFNg | 2.4 (2.4–2.4) | 2.4 (2.4–2.4) | 0.09 |
| LPS | 3166 (1669–5083) | 1420 (928–2654) | 0.0091 |
| LPS/IFNg | 8584 (6225–12,665) | 4945 (2937–6201) | 0.0006 |
| ZYM | 2588 (2051–4714) | 1740 (1352–2722) | 0.0079 |
| ZYM/IFNg | 3328 (2432–6574) | 2137 (1496–2696) | 0.0006 |
| B-GLUC | 1482 (951–2532) | 1107 (500–1630) | 0.029 |
| B-GLUC/IFNg | 2408 (900–4286) | 1539 (940–2223) | 0.09 |
| PAM2 | 229 (137–827) | 73 (34–166) | 0.0007 |
| MDP | 58.8 (21–163) | 13 (7.2–24.9) | 0.0023 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | |||
| IFNg | 1.4 (1.4–16.9) | 1.4 (1.4–1.4) | 0.06 |
| LPS | 20,733 (16,734–28,187) | 14,128 (10,436–18,901) | 0.0025 |
| LPS/IFNg | 26,489 (18,107–32,192) | 15,717 (11,840–23,041) | 0.0038 |
| ZYM | 8370 (6529–12,742) | 5033 (3406–6608) | 0.0057 |
| ZYM/IFNg | 5636 (3113–6686) | 2358 (1424–3117) | 0.0049 |
| B-GLUC | 12,239 (10,664–20,716) | 11,562 (6427–14,381) | 0.17 |
| B-GLUC/IFNg | 7368 (1011–12,052) | 3456 (1982–5628) | 0.16 |
| PAM2 | 5771 (2518–9729) | 1035 (608–3297) | 0.0004 |
| MDP | 236 (50–1977) | 16.1 (7.6–139) | 0.0027 |
| IL-1β (pg/ml) | |||
| IFNg | 7.1 (1.5–33.2) | 1.08 (1.08–2.92) | 0.0007 |
| LPS | 7047 (3361–9777) | 3344 (2141–4708) | 0.0017 |
| LPS/IFNg | 11.197 (6561–16,324) | 8832 (5805–11,057) | 0.06 |
| ZYM | 18,009 (9639–21,308) | 8880 (7192–11,562) | 0.0061 |
| ZYM/IFNg | 20,704 (7319–26,839) | 8741 (6584–12,962) | 0.004 |
| B-GLUC | 4026 (2126–6700) | 2675 (1570–3984) | 0.051 |
| B-GLUC/IFNg | 8458 (2217–11,370) | 3630 (2229–5578) | 0.032 |
| PAM2 | 581 (177–1367) | 151 (56–325) | 0.0023 |
| MDP | 65 (22–298) | 14 (6.6–50) | 0.0089 |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | |||
| IFNg | 0.52 (0.52–0.52) | 0.52 (0.52–0.52) | 0.53 |
| LPS | 771 (521–997) | 882 (589–1207) | 0.42 |
| LPS/IFNg | 265 (129–335) | 227 (117–365) | 0.95 |
| ZYM | 140 (76–262) | 162 (72–237) | 0.98 |
| ZYM/IFNg | 31 (8–87) | 37 (9.7–60.7) | 0.95 |
| B-GLUC | 102 (29–149) | 51 (20–79) | 0.04 |
| B-GLUC/IFNg | 10 (0.8–34) | 3.8 (0.8–7.6) | 0.18 |
| PAM2 | 42 (28–100) | 16.2 (7.2–51.2) | 0.02 |
| IL-12 (pg/ml) | |||
| IFNg | 5.1 (5.1–5.1) | 5.1 (5.1–5.1) | 0.24 |
| LPS | 33.3 (7.3–40.5) | 7.9 (5.1–25.9) | 0.02 |
| LPS/IFNg | 322 (198–428) | 139 (61–218) | 0.0011 |
| ZYM | 10.9 (6.4–44.2) | 5.1 (5.1–18.2) | 0.07 |
| ZYM/IFNg | 80 (46–113) | 49 (15–113) | 0.1 |
| B-GLUC | 5.1 (5.1–15.8) | 5.1 (5.1–5.1) | 0.22 |
| B-GLUC/IFNg | 18.2 (5.1–54) | 10.6 (5.1–24.9) | 0.27 |
| IFN-γ (pg/ml) | |||
| IL12 | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 0.99 |
| LPS | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 0.18 |
| LPS/IL12 | 420.7 (155.8–1161) | 277.7 (138.3–572.8) | 0.35 |
| IL18 | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 0.89 |
| IL18/IL12 | 4587 (2792–10,970) | 391.1 (216–730) | 0.28 |
| ZYM | 5.4 (5.4–23.0) | 5.4 (5.4–17.2) | 0.69 |
| ZYM/IL12 | 477.4 (107–866.9) | 391.1 (216–730) | 0.88 |
| B-GLUC | 5.4 (5.4–9.25) | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 0.27 |
| B-GLUC/IL12 | 370 (50.25–1060) | 269.6 (94.2–557.1) | 0.93 |
| IL15 | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 5.4 (5.4–5.4) | 0.25 |
| IL15/IL12 | 43.1 (9.6–173.2) | 42.55 (19.28–148.1) | 0.98 |
Cytokine concentrations (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-γ) are reported as median and interquartile range and compared between SLN patients (n = 13) and healthy controls (n = 42) using a two-sided Mann–Whitney test.
Source data are provided as a Source data file.
LPS lipopolysaccharide, ZYM zymosan, B-GLUC beta-glucan, MDP muramyldipeptide.
Significant P values (P ≤ 0.05) are highlighted in bold.