Table 2.
Comparison of Clinical Variables Between Normal and Abnormal CAVI
| Variables | Participants (n=109) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal CAVI (n=34) | Abnormal CAVI (n=75) | ||
| Sex | 0.808 | ||
| Male | 7 (20.6) | 17 (22.7) | |
| Female | 27 (79.4) | 58 (77.3) | |
| Age (years) | 50.5 ± 10.4 | 60.1 ± 10.3 | < 0.001* |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 78.75 (73.00–94.63) | 82.00 (70.00–112.50) | 0.617 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124.75 (116.87–140.00) | 143.50 (125.50–154.00) | 0.001* |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.34 ± 11.53 | 81.25 ± 11.67 | 0.704 |
| Body composition | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.26 ± 3.91 | 25.37 ± 4.32 | 0.306 |
| Body fat (%) | 32.00 (28.63–35.43) | 33.10 (28.50–35.70) | 0.857 |
| Visceral fat (%) | 9.50 (6.50–11.63) | 9.00 (6.00–12.00) | 0.950 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.91 ± 0.06 | 0.235 |
| Lipid profile | |||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.75 (4.57–6.79) | 5.07 (4.06–5.90) | 0.006* |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.30 (0.95–1.70) | 1.58 (1.14–2.31) | 0.065 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.64 ± 0.39 | 1.71 ± 0.46 | 0.482 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.75 (1.80–4.05) | 2.20 (1.50–3.57) | 0.165 |
| Diabetes | 13 (38.2) | 59 (78.7) | < 0.001* |
| Hypertension | 11 (32.4) | 44 (58.7) | 0.011* |
| Mean CAVI | 7.29 ± 0.62 | 9.22 ± 0.93 | < 0.001* |
Notes: Values are displayed as n (%), mean ± SD, and median (IQR). * represents statistical significance. Abnormal CAVI is defined as CAVI ≥ 8.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.