Table 4.
Induced parturitions, calving ease score, male calves, and neonatal mortality within groups of artificial insemination (AI), bovine serum albumin (BSA), reproductive fluids (RF) or in vitro produced (IVP, corresponding of BSA + RF).
| Group | Parturitions | Induced Parturition | Calving Ease | Male Calves | Neonatal Mortality | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easy | Difficult | ||||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | |
| AI | 8 | 0 † | 0 | 100 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 75.0 | 6 | 0 * | 0 |
| BSA | 8 | 37.5 | 3 | 87.5 | 7 | 12.5 | 1 | 62.5 | 5 | 12.5 | 1 |
| RF | 9 | 44.4 | 4 | 77.8 | 7 | 22.2 | 2 | 55.6 | 5 | 44.4 * | 4 |
| IVP (BSA+RF) | 17 | 41.2 † | 7 | 82.4 | 14 | 17.6 | 3 | 58.8 | 10 | 29.4 | 5 |
Calving ease was scored as easy if it required little to no assistance or difficult if it needed moderate to heavy assistance (i.e., surgery/veterinarian intervention). † AI vs. IVP p = 0.0573; * AI vs. RF p = 0.0752.