Table 1.
Comparison of selected parameters between frontline and second-line workers.
| Characteristic | Frontline Workers (n = 206) | Second-Line Workers (n = 235) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (n, %) | women | 116 (56.31%) | 114 (48.51%) | 0.102 |
| men | 90 (43.69%) | 121 (51.49%) | ||
| Age [years], mean ± SD; Me | 40.47 ± 4.93; 40.0 | 40.05 ± 5.51; 39.0 | 0.153 | |
| Do you have hypertension? (n, %) | no | 184 (89.32%) | 201 (85.53%) | 0.233 |
| yes | 22 (10.68%) | 34 (14.47%) | ||
| Do you have diabetes mellitus? (n, %) | no | 203 (98.54%) | 232 (98.72%) | 0.803 |
| yes | 3 (1.46%) | 3 (1.28%) | ||
| Do you have coronary heart disease? (n, %) | no | 205 (99.51%) | 235 (100.00%) | 0.947 |
| yes | 1 (0.49%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Are you suffering from heart failure? (n, %) | no | 206 (100.00%) | 235 (100.00%) | 1.000 |
| yes | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Do you have dyslipidemia? (n, %) | no | 143 (69.42%) | 188 (80.00%) | 0.010 |
| yes | 63 (30.58%) | 47 (20.00%) | ||
| Do you have asthma? (n, %) | no | 194 (94.17%) | 229 (97.45%) | 0.136 |
| yes | 12 (5.83%) | 6 (2.55%) | ||
| Do you have the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? (n, %) | no | 206 (100.00%) | 234 (99.57%) | 0.947 |
| yes | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (0.43%) | ||
| Do you have autoimmune diseases? (n, %) | no | 156 (75.73%) | 191 (81.28%) | 0.156 |
| yes | 50 (24.27%) | 44 (18.72%) | ||
| Do you smoke cigarettes? (n, %) | no | 91 (44.17%) | 129 (54.89%) | 0.025 |
| yes | 115 (55.83%) | 106 (45.11%) | ||
| GAD-7 (n, %) | ≤4 | 2 (0.97%) | 155 (65.96%) | <0.001 |
| >4 | 204 (99.03%) | 80 (34.04%) | ||
| GAD-7, mean ± SD; Me | 11.88 ± 3.93; 11.0 | 4.96 ± 5.12; 3.0 | <0.001 | |
| PHQ-9 (n, %) | ≤4 | 1 (0.49%) | 128 (54.47%) | <0.001 |
| >4 | 205 (99.51%) | 107 (45.53%) | ||
| PHQ-9, mean ± SD; Me | 14.19 ± 3.91; 13.5 | 6.00 ± 5,08; 4.0 | <0.001 | |
| ISI (n, %) | ≤8 | 0 (0.00%) | 184 (78.30%) | <0.001 |
| >8 | 205 (100.00%) | 51 (21.70%) | ||
| ISI, mean ± SD; Me | 17.14 ± 3.5; 16.0 | 7.26 ± 6.43; 5.0 | <0.001 | |
Abbreviations: GAD-7—Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, PHQ-9—Patient Health Questionnaire, ISI—Insomnia Severity Index, p—statistical significance, n—number of patients, Me—median, SD—standard deviation.