| ABC | ATP-binding cassette transporter |
| ACC | acetyl-CoA carboxylase |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| AMPK | Adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
| aP2 | adipocyte protein 2 |
| AST | aspartate aminotransferase |
| CAT | catalase |
| C/EBP | CCAAT/enhancer binding protein |
| CVD | cardiovascular diseases |
| CYP7A1 | cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase A1 |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| DSW | deep sea water |
| EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
| GSH-Px | glutathione peroxidase |
| HDL-C | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| HMGCR | 3-hydroxyl 3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase |
| LCAT | Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase |
| LDL-C | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| LDLR | LDL receptor |
| LXR | Liver X receptor |
| NCD | noncommunicable diseases |
| NPC1L1 | Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 |
| PCSK9 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 |
| PGC1 | PPARγ coactivator 1α |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| SMYD3 | SET and MYND domain containing 3 |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| SR | scavenger receptor |
| SREBP | sterol-regulatory element binding protein |
| TC | total cholesterol |
| TG | triglyceride |
| UCP | uncoupling protein |