Table 1.
Summary of peer-reviewed articles of functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) applications in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients found trough literature search of NCBI PubMed and Web of Science databases.
| Parkinson’s Disease (PD) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fNIRS Device | Patient Info | Study Type | Integrated Clinical Outcomes | Cortical Areas | Performed Task | Ch. | Multimodal Integration | ||
| Deep Brain Stimulation | Sakatani et al., 1999 | NIRO-300 (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Japan) | 5 PD, 1 essential tremor patient | cross-sectional | UPDRS, tremor rating scale | bilateral PFC | tissue oxygenation monitor | 1 | no |
| Morishita et al., 2016 | FOIRE-3000 (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) | 6 PD | longitudinal | UPDRS | primary motor cortex | unilateral hand movement | 48 | no | |
| Mayer et al., 2016 | ETG-4000 (Hitachi Medical Co., Tokyo, Japan) | 9 PD, 8 HC | cross-sectional (*) | UPDRS | lateral and medial FC (bilateral hemispheres) | spatial-delayed response task (working memory task) | 22 | no | |
| Eggebrecht et al., 2014 | custom HD-DOT system | (18 HC) 3 PD | cross-sectional | n.d. | almost whole-head (temporal, occipital cortex) | auditory words, resting-state | 1200+ | T1- and T2-MRI, fMRI (not performed on PD patients) | |
| Walking and Dual Walking Task | Mahoney et al., 2016 | fNIR Imager 1000 (fNIR Devices LLC, Protomac, MD, USA) | 26 PD, 117 mild PD, 126 HC | cross-sectional | n.d. | PFC | postural stability control task | 16 | instrumented walkway |
| Nieuwhof et al., 2016 | PortLite (Artinis Medical Systems, Elst, The Netherlands) | 14 PD | cross-sectional | n.d. | bilateral PFC | counting forward, serially subtracting, reciting digit spans | 3 | instrumented walkway with pressure sensors | |
| Cornejo et al., 2018 | PortLite (Artinis Medical Systems, The Netherlands) | 20 PD | cross-sectional | n.d. | dorsolateral PFC and anterior PFC (bilateral BA10) | over-ground and treadmill walking | 3 | instrumented treadmill, 3D-accelerometers | |
| Stuart et al., 2019 | Oxymon (Artinis Medical Systems, The Netherlands) | 24 PD, 19 HOA, 25 HYA | cross-sectional | n.d. | PFC (BA9 and BA10) | turning-in-place task | n.d. | no | |
| Maidan et al., 2015 | Oxymon MKIII (Artinis Medical Systems, The Netherlands) | 11 PD, 11 HC | cross-sectional | n.d. | PFC (bilateral BA10) | walking with anticipated and unanticipated turns (WT) | 6 | no | |
| Maidan et al., 2016 | PortLite (Artinis Medical Systems, Elst, The Netherlands) | 68 PD, 38 HC | cross-sectional | n.d. | dorsolateral PFC and anterior PFC (bilateral BA10) | obstacle negotiation, WT, DWT | 3 | instrumented walkway with pressure sensors | |
| Maidan et al., 2017 | PortLite (Artinis Medical Systems, Elst, The Netherlands) | 49 PD | cross-sectional | n.d. | dorsolateral PFC and anterior PFC (bilateral BA10) | usual walking and turning (WT) | 3 | instrumented walkway with pressure sensors | |
| Maidan et al., 2018 | PortLite (Artinis Medical Systems, Elst, The Netherlands) | 64 PD | longitudinal | UPDRS | dorsolateral PFC and anterior PFC (bilateral BA10) | treadmill training (obstacle negotiation, WT, DWT) | 3 | instrumented walkway with pressure sensors | |
DWT dual walking task; FC frontal cortex; HC healthy controls; HOA healthy old adults; HYA healthy young adults; PFC prefrontal cortex; UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; WT walking task; (*) cross-sectional study with multiple fNIRS acquisitions.