Table 6.
Cardiac function from M-mode parameters by breed in normal weight and obese groups. Mean ± SE (median, minimum–maximum) are reported.
| Echocardiographic Parameters | Normal Weight Group | Obese Group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chihuahua (n = 9) | Pomeranian (n = 6) | Chihuahua (n = 8) | Pomeranian (n = 7) | |
| LA/AO | 1.16 ± 0.04 (1.16, 0.91–1.38) |
1.19 ± 0.05 (1.21, 1.0–1.32) |
1.17 ± 0.05 (1.21, 0.97–1.33) |
1.17 ± 0.08 (1.14, 0.82–1.54) |
| EDV (mL) | 8.10 ± 1.43 (6.54, 4.3–16.3) |
11.8 ± 3.48 (13.2, 3.31–19.23) |
14.24 ± 1.34 * (12.9, 12.11–22.13) |
17.98 ± 1.89 (16.4, 14.7–25.7) |
| EF (%) | 79.83 ± 2.73 (81.5, 61.43–90.45) |
81.16 ± 2.14 (81.61, 72.7–87.2) |
76.10 ± 2.73 (77.98, 61.18–82.5) |
70.20 ± 2.44 † (69.5, 60.4–82.35) |
| ESV (mL) | 1.56 ± 0.43 (1.1, 0.69–4.76) |
3.28 ± 1.02 (3.26, 0.38–6.68) |
3.36 ± 0.35 * (3.35, 2.17–5.07) |
4.85 ± 0.87 (4.74, 1.45–10.1) |
| FS (%) | 46.37 ± 2.69 (47.0, 29.33–57.65) |
48.03 ± 2.12 (48.23, 39.7–53.62) |
42.34 ± 2.69 (43.07, 31.28–49.33) |
36.47 ± 1.54 † (37.1, 30.8–42.9) |
| IVS% (%) | 45.95 ± 4.78 (44.13, 29.47–75.1) |
56.70 ± 7.92 (57.39, 30.93–80.28) |
41.32 ± 2.08 (43.5, 33.95–45.3) |
28.85 ± 4.80 † (27.5, 11.4–47.8) |
| IVS/LVPW | 0.88 ± 0.03 (0.89, 0.72–1.07) |
0.92 ± 0.12 (0.86, 0.75–1.38) |
0.92 ± 0.06 (0.91, 0.7–1.16) |
1.10 ± 0.10 (1.13, 0.78–1.63) |
| LV mass (g) | 15.90 ± 1.89 (14.35, 9.65–27.3) |
21.88 ± 4.29 (27.35, 10.77–29.75) |
26.73 ± 2.66 * (24.5, 20.25–40.88) |
29.09 ± 3.16 (25.13, 19.75–42.3) |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 76.80 ± 4.27 (75.18, 59.6–96.8) |
92.16 ± 9.21 (94.09, 64.03–124.0) |
96.65 ± 3.83 * (96.7, 81.8–113.5) |
99.26 ± 7.83 (97.47, 71.12–124.6) |
| LVPW% (%) | 35.88 ± 3.71 (38.5, 18.6–53.5) |
38.35 ± 7.36 (32.5, 24.43–74.12) |
38.43 ± 8.52 (31.48, 12.38–72.03) |
41.30 ± 6.75 (39.36, 22.74–77.8) |
* p-value < 0.05 vs. Chihuahua normal weight group. † p-value < 0.05 vs. Pomeranian normal weight group. LA/AO, left atrial on aortic ratio; EDV, end-diastolic volume; %EF, %ejection Fraction; ESV, end-systolic volume; %FS, % fractional shortening; IVS%, fractional thickening of the IVS; IVS/LVPW, ratio of interventricular septum thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LV mass, left ventricular mass; LV mass index, left ventricular mass index; LVPW%, percentage thickening of left ventricular posterior wall.