Table 5.

Concentration of total CLA, short, medium, and long-chain fatty acids, n-6, n-3 (mg/g total lipids), n-6/n-3 ratio, index of atherogenicity (IA), and thrombogenicity (IT) in milk from lactating buffaloes fed diet containing flaxseed oil and/or vitamin E.

Fatty Acid	No Flaxseed Oil		With Flaxseed Oil		SEM	p Value 1
	No Vit. E	With Vit. E	No Vit. E	With Vit. E		Oil	Vit. E	Interaction
Total CLA 2	5.33	4.91	5.52	6.90	0.51	0.16	0.33	0.91
Short-chain FA 3	50.48	43.82	28.59	35.29	3.03	0.04	0.99	0.30
MCFA 4	399.0	416.4	303.7	310.7	15.17	< 0.01	0.57	0.81
Long-chain FA 5	290.9	338.6	351.8	370.4	12.07	0.06	0.23	0.64
SFA 6	502.6	505.1	426.8	441.6	14.77	0.08	0.80	0.86
MUFA 7	208.1	252.6	223.1	231.8	8.95	0.85	0.13	0.29
PUFA 8	29.62	34.00	34.31	43.08	1.70	0.03	0.04	0.43
n-6	20.07	25.44	20.22	22.43	1.14	0.20	<0.01	0.16
n-3	4.22	3.66	8.57	13.76	1.62	0.01	0.30	0.21
n-6/n-3	9.65	8.94	2.64	2.24	1,51	0.01	0.74	0.93
Δ9-desaturase enzyme activity
cis-9 14:1/14:0	8.13	6.89	6.41	8.60	0.46	<0.01	0.01	0.06
cis-9 16:1/16:0	7.98	6.91	6.69	8.20	0.40	0.03	<0.01	0.24
cis-9 18:1/18:0	66.61	60.24	62.76	64.09	1.27	0.01	0.47	0.29

¹ Probability of significant factorial effects. Effects tested were as follows: Oil = flaxseed oil supplementation; Vit. E = vitamin E supplementation; Interaction = interaction between flaxseed oil and vitamin E. CLA = conjugated linoleic acid; FA = fatty acids; MCFA = medium-chain fatty acids; SFA = saturated fatty acid; MUFA = monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acid. ² Total CLA = (cis-9, trans-11 18:2 + trans-10, cis-12 18:2). ³ Short-chain FA = ∑(FA ≤ 13C). ⁴ Medium-chain FA = ∑(FA ≥ 14C and ≤17C). ⁵ Long-chain FA = ∑(FA ≥ 18C). ⁶ SFA = ∑(saturated fatty acid). ⁷ MUFA = ∑(monounsaturated fatty acids). ⁸ PUFA = ∑(polyunsaturated fatty acid).