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. 2020 Aug 18;21(16):5914. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165914

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Measurement of sepal traits. (a) Measurement of sepal length (SEL) and sepal width (SEW). (b) Measurement of Sepal Upturned Degree (SEUD) and Sepal Rolling Index (SERI). SEUD-Sepal Upturned Degree (α). α = arctan (H/L1) (°). H represents the vertical distance between the furthest point from sepal to stalk in the horizontal line and the base line; L1 is the longest distance from sepal to stalk. SERI-Sepal Rolling Index = (SEL − L2)/SEL. SEL, Sepal Length; L2 is the distance from the sepal apex to base point.