TABLE 2.
Clinical characteristics on the day of ICU admission in solid organ transplant patients and nontransplant patients in the propensity score matched cohort
| Clinical characteristics | Cohort (N = 386) | Non-SOT (N = 288) | SOT (N = 98) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms prior to ICU admission – no. (%) | ||||
| Cough | 269 (70) | 196 (68) | 73 (74) | .23 |
| Sputum production | 46 (12) | 32 (11) | 14 (14) | .40 |
| Hemoptysis | 7 (2) | 6 (2) | 1 (1) | .50 |
| Sore throat | 35 (9) | 27 (9) | 8 (8) | .72 |
| Nasal congestion | 31 (8) | 18 (6) | 13 (13) | .03 |
| Headache | 33 (9) | 24 (8) | 9 (9) | .80 |
| Fever | 236 (61) | 177 (61) | 59 (60) | .83 |
| Chills | 83 (22) | 60 (21) | 23 (23) | .58 |
| Dyspnea | 272 (70) | 198 (69) | 74 (76) | .21 |
| Nausea or vomiting | 76 (20) | 59 (20) | 17 (17) | .50 |
| Diarrhea | 92 (24) | 58 (20) | 34 (35) | <.01 |
| Myalgia or arthralgia | 97 (25) | 70 (24) | 27 (28) | .52 |
| Confusion or altered mental status | 46 (12) | 35 (12) | 11 (11) | .81 |
| Fatigue or malaise | 143 (37) | 111 (39) | 32 (33) | .30 |
| Days from symptom onset to ICU admission median (IQR)a | 7 (4-10) | 7 (4-10) | 7 (6-11) | <.01 |
| Days from symptom onset to hospital admission median (IQR)b | 5 (3-8) | 5 (3-7) | 6 (3-8) | .04 |
| Immunosuppressive medications 30 days prior to ICU admission – no. (%) | ||||
| Corticosteroidsc | 29 (8) | 14 (5) | 15 (15) | <.01 |
| Calcineurin inhibitor | 82 (21) | 1 (0) | 81 (83) | <.01 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 69 (18) | 2 (1) | 67 (68) | <.01 |
| Azathioprine | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | .31 |
| Rituximab | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | N/A |
| Other major ISU therapy | 20 (5) | 7 (2) | 13 (13) | <.01 |
| Vital signs on the day of ICU admission – median (IQR) | ||||
| Temperature – ⁰Cd | 37.8 (37.1-38.6) | 37.9 (37.2-38.8) | 37.4 (36.9-38.2) | <.01 |
| Lowest systolic blood pressure – mm Hg | 99 (88-114) | 98 (86-112) | 105 (92-117) | .03 |
| Highest heart rate – beats per min | 103 (90-118) | 103 (91-118) | 101 (88-116) | .32 |
| Laboratory findings on the day of ICU admission – median (IQR) | ||||
| White blood cell count – per mmd | 7.5 (5.5-10.5) | 7.9 (5.6-11.2) | 6.6 (4.9-8.5) | <.01 |
| Lymphocyte percentage – per mmf | 0.70 (0.45-1.05) | 0.79 (0.52-1.15) | 0.50 (0.30-0.81) | <.01 |
| Hemoglobin – g/dlg | 11.8 (10.0-13.8) | 11.7 (9.9-13.6) | 11.9 (10.6-13.6) | .47 |
| Serum creatinine – mg/dlh | 1.6 (1.0-2.8) | 1.5 (1.0-2.9) | 1.7 (1.0-2.7) | .42 |
| C-reactive protein – mg/Lj | 156 (88-223) | 159 (91-224) | 143 (84-208) | .49 |
| Serum albumin – g/dlk | 3.3 (2.8-3.6) | 3.3 (2.8-3.6) | 3.2 (2.9-3.6) | .55 |
| D-dimer - ng/mll | 1,254 (620-2,975) | 1,332 (610-3,402) | 1,140 (640-2,390) | .60 |
| Interleukin-6 - pg/mlm | 51 (15-184) | 68 (13-195) | 37 (15-84) | .61 |
| Serum ferritin – ng/mln | 1,132 (541-2,112) | 998 (450-1,983) | 1,429 (657-2,957) | .03 |
| Type of ventilation - no. (%): | ||||
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 226 (59) | 171 (59) | 55 (56) | .34 |
| BIPAP or CPAP | 7 (2) | 6 (2) | 1 (1) | |
| High-flow nasal cannula or nonrebreather mask | 88 (23) | 68 (24) | 20 (20) | |
| None of the above | 65 (17) | 43 (15) | 22 (22) | |
Note: All other variables had no missing data.
Abbreviations: BiPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation; IQR, interquartile range; ISU, immunosuppressive; N/A, not applicable; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure ventilation; SOT, solid organ transplant.
e Data regarding white-cell count were missing for total 16 patients (4%), 3 SOT patient and 13 non-SOT patients.
i Data regarding estimated glomerular filtration rate were missing for total 13 patients (3.4%), 3 SOT patient and 10 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding days from symptom onset to ICU admission were missing for total 4 patients (1%), 1 SOT patient and 3 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding days from symptom onset to hospital admission were missing for total 14 patients (3.6%), 3 SOT patient and 11 non-SOT patients.
Corticosteroids: >10 mg prednisone/day (or equivalent).
Data regarding temperature were missing for total 2 patients (0.5%), 1 SOT patient and 1 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding lymphocyte percentage were missing for total 76 patients (19.6%), 18 SOT patient and 58 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding hemoglobin were missing for total 16 patients (4%), 3 SOT patient and 13 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding serum creatinine were missing for total 13 patients (3.4%), 3 SOT patient and 10 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding C-reactive protein were missing for total 150 patients (38.8%), 40 SOT patient and 110 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding serum albumin were missing for total 63 patients (16.3%), 14 SOT patient and 49 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding D-dimer were missing for total 194 patients (50%), 40 SOT patient and 154 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding interleukin-6 were missing for total 304 patients (79%), 75 SOT patient and 229 non-SOT patients.
Data regarding serum ferritin were missing for total 163 patients (42%), 34 SOT patient and 129 non-SOT patients.