TABLE 2.
Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and ORs (95% CIs) According to HbA1c Category (<5.7% vs ≥5.7%) and FPG Category (<100 vs ≥100 mg/dL), US Children and Adolescents Without Diagnosed Diabetes, NHANES 1999–2016
| HbA1c <5.7% | HbA1c ≥5.7% | Adjusteda OR (95% CI) (HbA1c ≥5.7% vs <5.7%) | FPG <100 mg/dL, % | FPG ≥100 mg/dL, % | Adjusteda OR (95%) (FPG ≥100 vs <100 mg/dL) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obese, ≥95th percentile for age or sex | 18.5 (17.0–20.0) | 50.7 (38.6–62.8) | 4.1 (2.5–6.6)* | 17.9 (16.4–19.5) | 28.5 (23.2–33.8) | 1.8 (1.4–2.4)* |
| Metabolic syndromeb | 10.6 (9.5–11.7) | 25.7 (16.1–35.2) | 3.5 (2.1–5.9)* | 9.8 (8.7–10.8) | 19.5 (14.9–24.2) | 2.2 (1.6–3.0)* |
| Waist circumference ≥90th percentile | 31.7 (29.9–33.5) | 52.6 (40.7–64.5) | 3.3 (1.9–5.7)* | 31.7 (29.8–33.5) | 35.0 (29.6–40.4) | 1.6 (1.2–2.0)* |
| Hypertension, ≥130/≥85 | 3.6 (2.9–4.4) | 14.4 (6.4–22.5) | 3.5 (1.7–6.9)* | 3.0 (2.2–3.7) | 10.7 (7.1–14.3) | 3.4 (2.2–5.5)* |
| Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL | 9.1 (8.0–10.2) | 17.3 (7.5–27.1) | —c | 8.4 (7.4–9.5) | 15.9 (12.0–19.7) | 2.0 (1.4–2.7)* |
| HDL-C <40 mg/dL | 13.8 (12.6–15.1) | 26.1 (15.1–37.0) | 2.6 (1.5–4.5)* | 12.9 (11.6–14.3) | 23.1 (18.8–27.4) | 1.8 (1.3–2.3)* |
| LDL-C ≥130 mg/dL | 7.4 (6.4–8.3) | —c | —c | 7.2 (6.2–8.1) | 9.9 (6.4–13.4) | —c |
—, not estimated.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, and race.
b
Metabolic syndrome is defined as waist circumference ≥90th percentile for age, sex, and race and 1 of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, or hypoalphalipoproteinemia.
c
Sample size was too small to estimate with precision (SE ≥30% of estimate).
*
P < .05