Figure 1.

Schematic of the systemic and local effects of CFTR^−/− with and without exercise. Akt, protein kinase B; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; [Ca2⁺], calcium ion; CFTR, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene; FOXO, forkhead box protein O; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; NF‐kB, nuclear factor kappa B; PGC‐1α, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α; PCr, phosphocreatine; Pi, inorganic phosphate; ROS, reactive oxygen species; UBE3A, ubiquitin‐protein ligase E3A [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]