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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Chem Soc. 2019 Oct 23;141(44):17588–17600. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b06410

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

(a) Primary (1°) structure of a tricarb macrocycle in which A, B, and C are three carbazole monomers linked by triazole (Tz) units. (b) The tricarb macrocycle adopts a planar secondary (2°) structure. (c) The tertiary (3°) structure adopted on graphite surfaces involves macrocycle dimers stabilized by lateral H-bonding between CH donors and N atom acceptors, forming a H-bonding array at the intermacrocycle seam. (d) Propagation of side-on interactions between macrocycles leads to the generation of quaternary (4°) superstructures on graphite surfaces; 6-membered rosettes are preferred. (e) Patterning of rosettes across the surface results in the formation of crystalline 2D polymorphs.