Table 2.
Logistic regression analysis based on exposure to potential drug–drug interactions
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | Reference | – | ||
| Male | 1 (0.7–1.5) | 0.9 | – | – |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤ 20 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 21–40 | 0.6 (0.4–1) | 0.05 | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.1 |
| > 40 | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 0.8 | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.1 |
| Drugs prescribed | ||||
| ≤ 4 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 5–6 | 4.3 (1.5–11.8) | 0.005 | 3.9 (1.4–10.8) | 0.01 |
| > 6 | 17.9 (6.9–45.9) | < 0.001 | 14.1 (5.4–37.3) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital stay (days) | ||||
| ≤ 3 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 4–5 | 2.2 (1.3–3.6) | 0.003 | 1.5 (0.8–2.6) | 0.2 |
| > 5 | 3.9 (2.2–6.6) | < 0.001 | 1.9 (1.1–3.5) | 0.03 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 0.8 | – | – |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.9 (1.5–5.4) | 0.001 | 2.2 (1–4.8) | 0.04 |
| Urinary tract infection | 1.1 (0.5–2.2) | 0.9 | – | – |
| Hepatitis | 1.6 (0.7–3.7) | 0.3 | – | – |
| Ischemic heart disease | 2.6 (0.9–7.6) | 0.07 | 2.4 (0.7–8.5) | 0.2 |
| Anaemia | 0.5 (0.1–1.8) | 0.3 | – | – |
| Dengue fever | 1.2 (0.4–3.9) | 0.7 | – | – |
| Meningitis | 1.4 (0.4–4.7) | 0.6 | – | – |
| Respiratory tract infection | 0.5 (0.09–2.3) | 0.4 | – | – |
| Thrombocytopenia | 0.5 (0.09–2.3) | 0.4 | – | – |
CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio