Table 1.
Comparison of nutritional composition of grains of several cereal and orphan crops.
| per 100 g DW | Crop | Energy (kcal) | Carbohydrate (g) | Protein (g) | Fat (g) | Ash (g) | Fiber (g) | Ca (mg) | Fe (mg) | Thiamin (mg) | Riboflavin (mg) | Niacin (mg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Rice (brown) | 362 | 76 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 1.3 | 1 | 33 | 1.8 | 0.41 | 0.04 | 4.3 |
| Wheat | 348 | 71 | 11.6 | 2 | 1.6 | 2 | 30 | 3.5 | 0.41 | 0.1 | 5.1 | |
| C4 | Maize | 358 | 73 | 9.2 | 4.6 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 26 | 2.7 | 0.38 | 0.2 | 3.6 |
| Sorghum | 329 | 70.7 | 10.4 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 2 | 25 | 5.4 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 4.3 | |
| Pearl millet | 363 | 67 | 11.8 | 4.8 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 42 | 11 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 2.8 | |
| Finger millet | 336 | 72.6 | 7.7 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 350 | 3.9 | 0.42 | 0.19 | 1.1 | |
| Foxtail millet | 351 | 63.2 | 11.2 | 4 | 3.3 | 6.7 | 31 | 2.8 | 0.59 | 0.11 | 3.2 | |
| Common millet | 364 | 63.8 | 12.5 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 8 | 2.9 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 4.5 | |
| Little millet | 329 | 60.9 | 9.7 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 7.6 | 17 | 9.3 | 0.3 | 0.09 | 3.2 | |
| Barnyard millet | 300 | 55 | 11 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 13.6 | 22 | 18.6 | 0.33 | 0.1 | 4.2 | |
| Kodo millet | 353 | 66.6 | 9.8 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 35 | 1.7 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 2 | |
| Teff | 357 | 73 | 8–11 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3 | 17 – 178 | 9.5 – 37.7 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 1.5 | |
| Quinoa | 399 | 67.6 | 12.9 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 13.6 | 148.7 | 13.2 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.6 | |
| Grain Amaranth | 371 | 65.3 | 13.6 | 7 | 2.9 | 6.7 | 159 | 7.6 | 0.116 | 0.2 | 0.92 |
Data are shown per 100 g dry weight and are taken from Caselato-Sousa and Amaya-Farfán (2012); Saleh et al. (2013), and Niro et al. (2019).