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. 2020 Aug 18;14:880. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00880

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Copyright © 2020 Braunscheidel, Wayman, Okas and Woodward.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Reinstatement of toluene self-administration behavior. (A) Cue-induced reinstatement of responding in rats extinguished from toluene SA behavior. Left panel shows average vapor deliveries in rats self-administering toluene (SA; last week average), after extinction (EXT) or during re-instatement (REIN); ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 REIN vs. EXT, Dunnett’s post hoc. Right panel shows vapor deliveries, active (ANP) and inactive nose pokes (INP; right panel) vapor deliveries in rats self-administering toluene (SA; last week average), after extinction (EXT) or during re-instatement (REIN); ^^p < 0.01 REIN vs. SA; ^∗∗p < 0.01 REIN vs. EXT; ++p < 0.01 Tol ANP vs. Tol INP during REIN, Sidak’s post hoc. (B) A brief (15 s) exposure to 500 ppm toluene vapor prior to testing failed to reinstate responding in the active hole. One-way ANOVA and post hoc testing revealed a significant difference between SA and REIN groups (^∗∗p < 0.01) Data shown are average vapor deliveries (left panel) or active (ANP) and inactive nose pokes (INP, right panel) in rats self-administering toluene (SA; last week average), after extinction (EXT) or during re-instatement (REIN). (C) Cues did not alter responding in Air rats. Data shown are average vapor deliveries (left panel) or active (ANP) and inactive nose pokes (INP; right panel) in rats self-administering Air (SA; last week average), after extinction (EXT) or during re-instatement (REIN). All data are mean ± SEM. Air N = 6, Tol N = 6.