Table 2.
Observational studies assessing metabolic surgery in people with advanced CKD or ESKD (prior to kidney transplantation).
| Study | Year | n | Surgery type (n) | Control arm | Follow-up (years) | T2D [n (%)] | NDD- CKD [n (%)] | ESKD [n (%)] | Dialysis modality (n) | BMI (kg/m2) | BMI <35 kg/m2 [n (%)] | KTx (n) | Deceased KTx (n) | Living KTx (n) | Mortality (n) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HD | PD | Baseline | Last F/u | ||||||||||||||
| Kim et al. (145) | 2019 | 41 | VSG | No | 1.8 ± 1.35 | 23 (56) | 2 (5) | 39 (95) | – | – | 41 ± 5 | 32 ± 5 | – | 41 | 25 | 16 | 0 |
| Yemini et al. (146) | 2019 | 24 | VSG (17) RYGB (7) |
No | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 16 (67) | 7 (29) | 17 (71) | 16 | 1 | 42 ± 1 | 29 ± 1 | – | 16 | 5 | 11 | 2 |
| Cohen et al. (147) | 2019 | 43 | RYGB (27) VSG (9) AGB (6) Unspecified (1) |
Yes | 3.6 (median) | 19 (44) | 34 (79) | 9 (21) | 8 | 1 | 43 (median) | 32 (median) | – | 43 | – | – | 3 |
| Thomas et al. (148) | 2018 | 31 | RYGB | Yes | 8 (total)a | 17 (55) | 1 (3) | 30 (97) | 25 | 5 | 44 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 | 27 (87) | 14 | 13 | 1 | – |
| Kim et al. (149) | 2017 | 20 | VSG | Yes | 3.3 | 12 (60) | 0 | 20 (100) | – | – | 42 ± 4 | 34 ± 5 | – | 20 | 14 | 6 | 0 |
| Kienzl-Wagner et al. (150) | 2017 | 8 | VSG | No | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 4 (50) | 0 (0) | 8 (100) | – | – | 39 ± 4 | 31 ± 6 | 8 (100) | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Carandina et al. (151) | 2017 | 9 | VSG | No | 1.3 | 6 (67) | 0 (0) | 9 (100) | 9 | 0 | 46 | 36 | 6 (67) | 1 | – | – | 0 |
| Al-Bahri et al. (152) | 2017 | 16 | RYGB (12) AGB (3) VSG (1) |
No | 4 ± 3 | – | 0 (0) | 16 (100) | 16 | 0 | 48 ± 8 | 31 ± 7 | 12 (75) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Freeman et al. (153) | 2015 | 52 | VSG | No | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 28 (53) | 5 (10) | 47 (90) | 47 | 0 | 43 ± 5 | 36 ± 5 | 29 (56) | 6 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Jamal et al. (154) | 2015 | 21 | RYGB (18) VSG (2) AGB (1) |
No | 2.3 ± 1.9 | 14 (67) | 0 (0) | 21 (100) | – | – | 47 ± 6 | 35.3 ± 8 | – | 2 | – | – | 1 |
| Lin et al. (155) | 2013 | 6 | VSG (6) | No | 0.5–4b | – | 1 (17) | 5 (83) | 5 | 0 | – | – | – | 2 | – | – | – |
| Alexander et al. (156) | 2007 | 41 | RYGB (41) | No | 13 (total)a | 22 (54) | – | – | – | – | 48 | – | – | 9 | – | – | 6 |
a
Total study duration reported where mean follow-up not reported.
b
Range of follow-up reported where mean follow-up not reported.
Mean ± SD are presented for normally distributed continuous variables; n (%) are presented for categorical variables.
AGB, adjustable gastric banding; BMI, body-mass index; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; F/u, follow-up; HD, haemodialysis; KTx, kidney transplant; NDD-CKD, non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease; PD, peritoneal dialysis; RYGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus; VSG, vertical sleeve gastrectomy.