. 2020 Aug 18;11:1024. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01024

TABLE 1.

Formulation and proximate of experimental feeds (% dry matter).

Ingredients	1	2	3	4	5
Fish meal^a	25	20	15	10	5
Soybean meal^a	25	25	25	25	25
Peanut meal^a	10	10	10	10	10
Wheat flour	23.30	23.30	23.30	23.30	23.30
Beer yeast^a	4	4	4	4	4
Shrimp meal	2	2	2	2	2
Chicken meal^a	2	2.25	2.5	2.75	3
Blood meal^a	0	0.85	1.7	2.55	3.4
Soy protein concentrate	0	1.06	2.11	3.17	4.22
wheat gluten	0	1.2	2.4	3.6	4.8
Fish oil^a	1.2	1.65	2.1	2.55	3
Soy oil^a	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
Soy lecithin	1	1	1	1	1
Vitamin mixture^c	1	1	1	1	1
Mineral mixture^c	1	1	1	1	1
Monocalcium phosphate^a	1	1.3	1.6	1.9	2.2
Choline chloride (50%)^c	0.2	0.22	0.24	0.26	0.28
Vc phosphate^c	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose	2	2	2	2	2
BIO-MOS^d	0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4
Phytase^e	0	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.04
Met-Met^f	0	0.07	0.14	0.21	0.28
L-lysine monohydrochloride^g	0	0.13	0.26	0.39	0.52
Threonine^g	0	0.06	0.12	0.18	0.24
Arginine^g	0	0.07	0.14	0.21	0.28
Glycine^g	0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4
Alanine^g	0	0.08	0.16	0.24	0.32
Histine^g	0	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.04
Valine^g	0	0.05	0.1	0.15	0.2
GABA^g	0	0.005	0.01	0.015	0.02
Taurine^g	0	0.05	0.1	0.15	0.2
Leucine^g	0	0.06	0.12	0.18	0.24
Isoleucine^g	0	0.07	0.14	0.21	0.28
Ornithine^g	0	0.004	0.008	0.012	0.016
Vitamin B12^c	0	0.000002	0.000004	0.000006	0.000008
Nicotinic acid^c	0	0.0005	0.001	0.0015	0.002
Vitamin K^c	0	0.00002	0.00004	0.00006	0.00008
ZnSO₄.7H₂O^c	0	0.0025	0.005	0.0075	0.01
FeSO₄.7H₂0^c	0	0.003	0.006	0.009	0.012
KI^c	0	0.00003	0.00006	0.00009	0.00012
Na₂SeO₃^c	0	0.000015	0.00003	0.000045	0.00006
Proximate composition
Dry matter	89.30	89.75	89.29	89.21	89.05
Crude protein	42.32	42.11	41.97	42.15	42.08
Crude lipid	7.45	7.64	7.39	7.52	7.48
Ash	9.84	9.46	9.66	9.53	9.59

^aSupplied by Xingxing Feed Corporation, Guangzhou, China. ^bSupplied by Wilmar, Beijing, China. ^cSupplied by Ashare, Guangzhou, China. Compositions (kg^–¹ of mixture): riboflavin, 750 mg; pyridoxine HCL, 500 mg; vitamin A, 250,000 IU; thiamin, 500 mg; cyanocobalamin, 1 mg; menadione, 250 mg; folic acid, 125 mg; myo-inositol, 2,500 mg; biotin, 10 mg; a-tocopherol, 3,750 mg; calcium pantothenate, 1,250 mg; nicotinic acid, 2,000 mg; vitamin D3, 45,000 IU; vitamin C, 7,000 mg, Zn, 4,000 mg; K, 22,500 mg; I, 200 mg; Co, 50 mg; NaCl, 2.6 g; Mg, 3,000 mg; Cu, 500 mg; FeSO₄, 200 mg; Se, 10 mg. ^dSupplied by Alltech, Beijing, China, derived from a selected strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. ^eSupplied by Yiduoli Biotechnology co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China, produced from fungus, 2000 IU g^–¹.^fSupplied by Evonik, Beijing, China. ^gSupplied by Aladdin Industrial Corporation, Shanghai, China.