Table 2.
Multiple logistic regressions for predicting postpartum glucose intolerance among women with GDM
| Predictor variables | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | Simplified risk score | |
| COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Maternal age (≥35 years) | 2.88 (1.111.7.46) | 4.04 (1.23 14.33) | 0.02380 | 4 |
| Gravidity (multigravida)* | 3.00 (1.027 10.989) | 1.75 (0.39 8.66) | 0.47196 | – |
| History of GDM | 1.45 (0.45 4.19) | NA | ||
| Family history of DM | 1.85 (0.63 5.11) | NA | ||
| MUAC (≥28 cm) | 6.48 (2.474 18.61) | 3.92 (1.13,15.04) | 0.03617 | 4 |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 0.998 (0.976 1.054) | NA | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure | 1.015 (0.976 1.053) | NA | ||
| Anaemia (haemoglobin <11 g/dL) | 0.34 (0.05 1.30) | NA | ||
| Blood glucose level (mg/dL) | ||||
| FPG at GDM diagnosis | 1.07 (1.03 1.13) | 1.08 (1.04 1.15) | 0.00171 | 1 |
| 1-hour PG at GDM diagnosis | 1.014 (0.99 1.03) | NA | ||
| 2-hour PG at GDM diagnosis | 0.99 (0.97 1.02) | NA | ||
| Gestational age at diagnosis (weeks) | 1.03 (0.89 1.18) | NA | ||
| Level of physical activity | ||||
| High | 1 | |||
| Moderate | 0.87 (0.23 3.47) | NA | ||
| Low | 0.57 (0.18 2.07) | |||
| Inadequate dietary diversity* | 3.66 (0.97 24.03) | 3.07 (0.58 24,45) | 0.22031 | – |
| Antenatal depression | 2.78 (1.05 7.29) | 5.90 (1.66 23.47) | 0.00770 | 5 |
| Insulin-treated GDM | 1.51 (0.21 7.54) | NA | ||
*Gravidity and dietary diversity status were variables that were also retained in the reduced model using likelihood ratio test. Both backward and forward selection showed the same results. ORs after internal validation with bootstrapping are shown.
AOR, adjusted OR; COR, crude OR; DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; NA, not included in the multivariate analysis.