Table 3.

Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Covariates on the Incidence of at Least One Infection until Month 12

Covariates	No. Infection (n = 99)	At Least One New Infection (n = 51)	Univariate Analysis			Multivariate Analysis
			HR	95% CI	p value	HR	95% CI	p value
BCG vaccination, no. (%)a	54 (54.4)	18 (35.3)	0.55	0.31–0.97	0.035	0.56	0.32–0.99	0.048
Male gender, no. (%)b	40 (40.4)	27 (52.9)	0.66	0.38–1.15	0.145
CCI > 4, no. (%)c	61 (61.6)	40 (78.4)	2.11	1.08–4.12	0.028
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, no. (%)b	31 (31.6)	21 (41.2)	1.34	0.76–2.33	0.310
Chronic heart failure, no. (%)b	26 (26.5)	17 (33.3)	1.35	0.75–2.42	0.313
Chronic renal disease, no. (%)a	13 (13.3)	13 (25.2)	1.96	1.05–3.69	0.036	1.95	1.04–3.66	0.038
COPD, no. (%)a	10 (10.2)	13 (25.5)	2.14	1.14–4.02	0.018	2.12	1.13–3.99	0.019
Cerebrovascular disease, no. (%)b	27 (27.6)	11 (21.6)	0.77	0.40–0.51	0.450
Degenerative disease, no. (%)b	7 (7.1)	7 (13.7)	1.91	0.86–4.25	0.111
Myocardial infarction, no. (%)c	10 (10.2)	12 (23.5)	2.05	1.07–3.92	0.030
Biliary stones, no. (%)b	15 (15.3)	6 (11.8)	0.81	0.34–1.89	0.620
Any surgery, no. (%)b	40 (40.8)	20 (39.2)	0.92	0.53–1.62	0.783
Dementia, no. (%)b	22 (22.4)	13 (25.5)	1.26	0.67–2.37	0.472
Peptic ulcer disease, no. (%)b	4 (4.1)	2 (3.9)	0.88	0.22–3.63	0.863
Hypertension, no. (%)b	75 (76.5)	34 (66.7)	0.69	0.39–1.24	0.215
Atrial fibrillation, no. (%)c	29 (29.6)	23 (45.1)	1.72	0.99–2.99	0.053

CCI, Charlson’s comorbidity index; CI, confidence intervals; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HR, hazard ratio.

^aCovariates with a significant effect both in the univariate analysis and the multivariate model

^bCovariates without any significant effect in the univariate analysis and not entered in the multivariate stepwise Cox regression model

^cCovariates with a significant effect in the univariate analysis but failed to enter significantly in the multivariate stepwise Cox regression model