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. 2020 Sep 1;137:105171. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105171

Table 1.

RFA activities (1 February—31 July 2020).

Regional Financial Arrangement Members Policies or initiatives EMDEs share ($ billion) Approved or disbursed financing
Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Vietnam Intensified regional surveillance efforts to provide timely risk assessments and policy advice 201.6 None
Contingent Reserve Arrangement Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa None 100.0 None
North American Framework Agreement Canada, Mexico, United States None 9.0 None
Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Russia, Tajikistan Developing an ad-hoc emergency lending instrument and proposing $3mil in health-related grants to member-countries for Covid-19-related hospitals and medical equipment 5.4*
  • –

    $100mil loan to Kyrgyz Republic

  • –

    $50mil loan to Tajikistan
Arab Monetary Fund Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen Issued general guidelines for central banks to deal with Covid-19 4.8
  • –

    $639mil loan to Egypt

  • –

    $127mil loan to Morocco

  • –

    $59mil loan to Tunisia

  • –

    Disbursement on pre-existing arrangement to Jordan for $38mil

  • –

    Disbursement on pre-existing arrangement to Sudan for $45mil
Latin American Reserve Fund Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela Developing an alternative instrument to its current credit lines for pandemics and natural disasters 6.8
  • –

    $418mil loan to Ecuador pending final approval
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka Finalized swap arrangements for Maldives and Sri Lanka 2.0
  • –

    $150mil swap activated by Maldives under $400mil swap arrangement

  • –

    $400mil swap arrangement signed by the Reserve Bank of India and Sri Lanka and swap pending
TOTAL $329.6bn $2.03bn

* Russian share excluded because it acts strictly as a donor to the Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development.