. 2020 Jan-Feb;46(1):e20190006. doi: 10.1590/1806-3713/e20190006

Table 3. Self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, by demographic and clinical variables (and their respective prevalence ratios).

Variable	n/N	%	Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis
Variable	n/N	%	PR (95% CI)	p	PR (95% CI)	p
Sex
Female	83/612	13.6	1	0.007	1	< 0.001*
Male	33/414	8.0	1.7 (1.1-2.5)	0.007	1.6 (1.3-2.2)	< 0.001*
Age bracket, years
40-49	39/278	14.0	1	0.2	1	0.1**
50-59	29/313	9.3	1.2 (0.8-1.8)		1.3 (0.9-2.1)
≥ 60	48/435	11.0	0.8 (0.5-1.3)		0.8 (0.5-1.4)
Self-reported race
White	94/976	10.7	1	0.1	1	0.1**
Non-White	22/150	14.7	1.4 (0.9-2.1)	0.1	1.4 (0.9-2.2)	0.1**
Level of education, no. of years of schooling
0-4	26/257	10.1	0.8 (0.7-1.6)	0.8	1.1 (0.7-1.8)	0.8**
5-8	28/181	15.5	1.5 (0.9-2.5)		1.4 (0.8-2.4)
≥ 9	62/588	10.5	1		1
Socioeconomic class
A or B	8/148	5.4	1	0.01	1	0.01**
C	100/769	13.0	2.4 (1.2-4.8)		2.4 (1.2-4.9)
D or E	8/109	7.3	1.3 (0.5-3.5)		1.3 (0.5-3.5)
BMI, kg/m²
< 25	22/274	8.0	1	0.004	1	0.002**
25-29	43/436	9.9	1.2 (0.7-2.0)		1.1 (0.7-1.9)
≥ 30	51/316	16.1	2.0 (1.2-3.2)		2.1 (1.3-3.4)
Smoking status
Nonsmokers	54/545	9.9	1	0.1	1	0.5**
Smokers/former smokers	62/481	12.9	1.3 (0.9-1.9)	0.1	1.3 (0.8-2.2)	0.5**
Rhinitis^a
No	70/842	8.3	1	< 0.001		< 0.001**
Yes	46/184	25.0	3.0 (2.1-4.2)	< 0.001	2.1 (1.4-3.1)	< 0.001**
Gastritis/ulcer/GERD^a
No	59/693	8.5	1	< 0.001	1	0.001**
Yes	57/333	17.1	2.0 (1.4-2.8)	< 0.001	1.9 (1.3-2.7)	0.001**

PR: prevalence ratio; BMI: body mass index; and GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease. ^aSelf-reported physician-diagnosed disease. *Adjusted for BMI, smoking, and age. **Adjusted for sex, BMI, smoking, and age.