Table 2. Studies on breast cancer risk models incorporating PRS in Asia.

Study	Year	Method	Target population	Risk factors	Discriminatory accuracy (AUC)
Lee et al. [58]	2014	Case-control	Singapore Chinese, age 45–74 years, 1,212 controls and 411 cases	vGail* (age at menarche, age at first live birth, number of 1st degree relatives with breast cancer), BMI, PRS (51 SNPs)	-†
Lee et al. [59]	2015	Prospective cohort, 17 years follow-up	Singapore, age 50–64 years, 24,161 women	vGail (age at menarche, age at first live birth, number of 1st degree relatives with breast cancer), BMI, mean breast dense area, PRS (75 SNPs)	vGail + BMI: 0.62 (95% CI, 0.60–0.64)
					vGail + BMI + Density: 0.65 (95% CI, 0.63–0.66)
					vGail + BMI + Density + GRS: 0.66 (95% CI, 0.65–0.68)
Wen et al. [56]	2016	Case-control	East Asians participating in nine studies in the BCAC that were conducted in China, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, and Malaysia, any age, 11,612 controls and 11,760 cases	44 SNPs	0.606 (SD, 0.38)
Hsieh et al. [60]	2017	Case-control	Taiwanese, age 20–90 years in 4 hospitals, 514 controls and 446 cases	Age, BMI, age at menarche, parity, menopausal status, PRS (6 SNPs)	Without PRS: 0.63
					With PRS: 0.67
					PRS only: 0.60
Chan et al. [61]	2018	Case-control	Singapore Chinese, any age, 243 controls and 301 cases	PRS model 1: 46 SNPs	0.566 (95% CI, 0.517–0.614)
				PRS model 2: 11 SNPs	0.565 (95% CI, 0.516–0.613)
				PRS model 3: 9 SNPs	0.557 (95% CI, 0.508–0.606)

PRS = polygenic risk scores; AUC = area under the curve; BMI = body mass index; SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism; CI = confidence interval; BCAC = Breast Cancer Association Consortium; SD = standard deviation.

^*Variables of Gail model; ^†This study showed that addition of a Genetic Risk Score with risk factors reclassified 6.2% women for their absolute risk of breast cancer in the next 5 years.